Mathis Final Exam (2nd Semester)

What was the first major action Roosevelt took as president?
a) he called the first meeting of the Brain Trust
b) he proposed a reorganization of the Supreme Court
c) he closed all of the nation's banks and ordered inspections
d) he established the Civil Works Administration to provide job relief

c

Who was the first woman to serve in the cabinet?
a) Arlene Francis
b) Frances Perkins
c) Eleanor Roosevelt
d) Mary McLeod Bethume

b

Which of the following was a goal of the New Deal?
a) regulate the stock market
b) deregulate the nation's banking
c) decrease prices of farm goods
d) increase crop production

a

Which of the following was most directly responsible for creating new jobs and putting people to work?
a) Social Security Act
b) Fair Labor Standards Act
c) National Labor Relations Act
d) Works Progress Administration

d

Which of the following was the main objective of the Agricultural Adjustment Act?
a) to increase farm production
b) to raise prices of farm products
c) to provide pensions for retired farmers
d) to encourage more people to enter farming

b

Which of the following pieces of New Deal legislation was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court?
a) Wagner Act
b) Social Security Act
c) Emergency Banking Relief Act
d) National Industrial Recovery Act

d

What role did Eleanor Roosevelt play in the Roosevelt administration?
a) she served as a cabinet member
b) she focused on being an excellent hostess
c) she was an important advisor on foreign policy
d) she was an important advisor on domestic policy

d

Which of the following reached a new height during Roosevelt's first term as president?
a) tariff rates
b) employment rates
c) the national debt
d) per capita income

c

Which of the following leaders transformed the Soviet Union from a rural nation into an industrial power?
a) Stalin
b) Hitler
c) Lenin
d) Mussolini

a

What is genocide, as practiced by the Nazis?
a) the broadcasting of anti-Semitic ideas
b) the deliberate extermination of a specific group of people
c) the abuse of a nation's citizens by their own government
d) the killing of people for the purpose of creating terror

b

On what did the German military strategy of blitzkrieg depend?
a) a system of fortifications
b) "out-waiting" the opponent
c) surprise and overwhelming force
d) the ability to make a long, steady advance

c

When did Britain and France adopt a policy of appeasement toward Germany?
a) before the war began
b) when they declare war
c) when the U.S. declared war
d) after France was invaded and divided

a

Which of the following correctly matches the politician with his nation?
a) Austria--Joseph Stalin
b) Spain--Francisco Franco
c) Britain--Charles de Gaulle
d) France--Neville Chamberlain

b

Which of the following did Winston Churchill oppose?
a) the Munich Pact
b) the Atlantic Charter
c) the Lend-Lease Act
d) the Treaty of Versailles

a

Which group of people suffered 6 million deaths during the Holocaust?
a) Nationalists
b) Aryans
c) Fascists
d) Jews

d

Which nation(s) signed a nonaggression pact with Germany that led to the invasion and division of Poland?
a) Italy
b) Spain
c) Italy and Spain
d) the Soviet Union

d

The problem of\_____was targeted by the Office of Price Administration.
a) inflation
b) recession
c) depression
d) unemployment

a

To protect discrimination,\________organized a march on Washington on July 1, 1941.
a) Franklin D. Roosevelt
b) Harry S. Truman
c) General George Marshall
d) A. Phillip Randolph

d

General\_______led the Third Army into Paris to liberate the city from German occupation.
a) George Patton
b) George Marshall
c) Douglas MacArthur
d) Dwight D. Eisenhower

a

The Battle of the Bulge was significant because it marked the\_________.
a) last German offensive
b) liberation of the death camp
c) Allies' first victory in a land battle
d) Axis powers' first loss in a land battle

a

The Allied invasion of\_______was given the code name D-Day.
a) Japan
b) Italy
c) North Africa
d) Nazi-occupied Europe

d

V-E Day, or May 8, 1945, was the day when\___________.
a) the U.S. entered the war
b) Allied forces invaded Europe
c) Germany surrendered
d) the Soviets stopped the Germans at the Volga

c

When forced to abandon the Philippines, \__________made the vow, "I shall return."
a) Hideki Tojo
b) Chester Nimitz
c) Douglas MacArthur
d) Franklin D. Roosevelt

c

Truman's aim in deciding to drop the atomic bomb was to\________.
a) find out how destructive the bomb really was
b) teach Japanese military leaders a lesson
c) end the war and save American lives
d) show how powerful the U.S. was

c

Nisei who lived on the West Coast were subjected to\______during the war.
a) interrogation
b) internment
c) torture
d) compensation

b

The main goal of the\______was to stop the spread of communism.
a) Truman Doctrine
b) Marshall Plan
c) iron curtain
d) Warsaw Pact

a

The Soviet Union set up the\_________in response to efforts from the West to reunify Germany,
a) iron curtain
b) Berlin airlift
c) Berlin blockade
d) German Democratic Republic

c

\________is best known for investigating communism in the film industry.
a) the CIA
b) the UN
c) HUAC
d) NATO

c

The\________were defeated in the civil war in China despite $2 billion in aid sent to them from the U.S.
a) Nationalists
b) Communists
c) Soviets
d) peasants

a

\______was the leader of the Communists in China.
a) Chiang Kai-shek
b) Mao Zedong
c) Syngman Rhee
d) Kim Ill Sung

b

General Douglas MacArthur commanded U.S. forces in\_______.
a) Guatemala
b) Hungary
c) the Middle East
d) Korea

d

The\_______appeared to be winning the Korean War until China actively entered the conflict.
a) Communists
b) Nationalists
c) South Koreans
d) North Koreans

c

The U.S. responded to fear of Soviet military action in the Middle East by issuing the\___________.
a) Marshall Plan
b) Truman Doctrine
c) Warsaw Pact
d) Eisenhower Doctrin

d

To label someone's activities as\________would suggest that the person is making unsupported accusations.
a) brinkmanship
b) containment
c) McCarthyism
d) inflitration

c

One of the benefits that the GI Bill of Rights offered to returning veterans was\___________.
a) counseling
b) low-interest loans
c) free homes
d) government jobs

b

President Truman threatened to\______striking workers to prevent strikes from crippling the nation.
a) arrest
b) sue
c) draft
d) deport

c

The Dixiecrats nominated\_________to run for president in 1948.
a) Harry S. Truman
b) Thomas E. Dewey
c) J. Strom Thurmond
d) Henry A. Wallace

c

During the 1950s,\__________jobs declined.
a) manufacturing
b) advertising
c) communications
d) service

a

A\_____________is a large corporation that owns a number of smaller companies.
a) franchise
b) monopoly
c) government agency
d) conglomerate

d

The vast majority of new homes in the 1950s were built in the\_____________.
a) big cities
b) suburbs
c) small cities
d) rural areas

b

With more money to spend and an increased number of products to buy,\___________became the American way of life.
a) consumerism
b) social conformity
c) planned obsolescence
d) a 40-hour work week

a

Most Americans in the 1960s relied on\____________as their primary source of entertainment and information.
a) radio
b) movies
c) telephones
d) television

d

The expression of nonconformity by\________developed into the beat movement.
a) college students
b) artists and poets
c) teenagers
d) rock'n'roll performers

b

John F. Kennedy, the Democratic nominee for President in 1960, was a senator from\____________.
a) New York
b) California
c) Texas
d) Massachusettes

d

Kennedy appointed his brother, Robert, to serve as\___________.
a) secretary of state
b) attorney general
c) secretary of defense
d) a justice of the Supreme Court

b

The hot line established in 1963 did all of the following except\__________________.
a) link the White House to the Kremlin
b) make communication in a crisis easier
c) ease Cold War tensions
d) bar nuclear testing

d

The Peace Corps, a program of volunteer assistance to developing nations, was\________________________.
a) proposed by Kennedy and failed
b) proposed by Johnson and failed
c) proposed by Kennedy and succeeded
d) proposed by Johnson and succeeded

c

After investigating the assassination of JFK, the Warren Commission concluded that\_____________________.
a) Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone
b) Jack Ruby acted alone
c) there was evidence of a conspiracy
d) the CIA was involved

a

The Economic Opportunity Act did all the following except\___________________.
a) offer foreign aid to Latin American countries
b) give underprivileged preschoolers a head start
c) encouraged poor people to join in public-works programs
d) create a training program for youth

a

Which of the following affirmed the legality of racial segregation and prompted the passage of Jim Crow laws?
a) the Fourteenth Amendment
b) the Civil Rights Act of 1875
c) the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson
d) the decision in Morgan v. Virginia

c

Which doctrine relating to public education was overturned by the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education?
a) due process of the law
b) "separate but equal"
c) "all deliberate speed"
d) equal protection of the law

b

According to the Kerner Commission, what was the main cause of urban violence?
a) white racism
b) school segregation
c) black nationalism
d) de jure segregation

a

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made segregation illegal in which of the following?
a) housing
b) churches
c) private universities
d) public accomidations

d

What did the Voting Act of 1965 enable federal officials to do?
a) register voters
b) oversee the collection of poll taxes
c) oversee programs to test voter literacy
d) recount votes

a

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 banned discrimination in which activity?
a) hiring an employee
b) selling or renting a house
c) awarding a construction contract
d) admitting students to state universities

b

Which of the following is not associated with the Black Power movement?
a) Malcolm X
b) Stokely Carmichael
c) the Black Panthers
d) the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

d

What was the main type of pressure exerted by the Montgomery Improvement Association in response to segregation on buses?
a) social
b) economic
c) political
d) physical force

b

Which of the following was not advocated by the Black Panthers?
a) nonviolence
b) Black Power
c) black nationalism
d) community development

a

\___________was the U.S.'s main goal in Vietnam
a) reunifying Vietnam
b) containing the spread of communism
c) upholding the Geneva Accords
d) negotiating a cease-fire agreement with North Vietnam

b

\_________served as the commander of U.S. troops in Vietnam
a) Dean Rusk
b) Clark Clifford
c) Robert McNamara
d) William Westmoreland

d

In the early years of the war, a young man could automatically be deferred from the draft by\____________.
a) getting married
b) enrolling in college
c) getting a job
d) becoming a conscientious objector

b

\___________did not occur in 1968.
a) the Tet Offensive
b) the U.S. invasion of Cambodia
c) the assassination of Robert Kennedy
d) the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

b

\________set off the first general student strike in U.S. history.
a) the invasion of Cambodia
b) the assassination of Robert Kennedy
c) the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
d) riots at the 1968 Democratic National Convention

a

After World War II, the U.S. aided\___________in its efforts to keep control of Vietnam.
a) Japan
b) China
c) France
d) Britain

c

\_________enabled North Vietnam to send troops to South Vietnam.
a) the Ho Chi Minh Trial
b) the fall of Dien Bien Phu
c) the strategic hamlet program
d) Operation Rolling Thunder

a

The main purpose of the War Powers Act was to\_______.
a) expand the power of the military
b) expand the power of the president
c) restrict the power of the military
d) restrict the power of the president

d

\__________, founded by Tom Hayden and Al Haber, charged the corporations and large government institutions had taken over America.
a) Students for a Democratic Society
b) the Free Speech Movement
c) the New Left
d) the Hardhats

a

Cesar Chavez used nonviolent means to organize Mexican American\___________.
a) voters
b) students
c) farm workers
d) factory workers

c

The event that was most responsible for Chavez's group gaining negotiating power was\__________.
a) a strike
b) a protest march
c) an act of Congress
d) a national boycott

d

In the 1970s, La Raza Unida focused its efforts on\______.
a) educational reform
b) electing Latinos to public office
c) promoting cooperation between various Latino groups
d) reclaiming land taken from Mexican landholders int eh 19th century

b

The Indian Education Act gave greater control over the education of Native Americans to\____________.
a) state governments
b) Native American tribes
c) the Bureau of Indian Affairs
d) the American Indian Movement

b

In the 1970s, the American Indian Movement organized all of the following except the\______________.
a) occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs
b) occupation of Wounded Knee, South Dakota
c) Trail of Broken Treaties march on Washington
d) meeting that resulted in the Declaration of Indian Purpose

d

The modern feminist movement became more organized and focused after the\_____________.
a) passage of the Civil Rights act of 1964
b) publication of the Feminine Mystique
c) publication of the first issue of Ms. magazine
d) founding of the National Women's Political Caucus

a

President Nixon adopted a policy known as\___________in order to reduce the size and power of the federal government.
a) detente
b) stagflation
c) New Federalism
d) realpolitik

c

In 1973, the OPEC nations cut off their supply of\____to the U.S.
a) grain
b) oil
c) money
d) consumer goods

b

Nixon's visit to\______in 1972 to begin to normalizing relations was a reversal of previous American policy established in 1949.
a) the Soviet Union
b) China
c) East Germany
d) Vietnam

b

Nixon's closest advisers included H.R. Halderman, John Mitchell, and\____________.
a) John Sirica
b) Sam Ervin
c) Gerald Ford
d) John Ehrlichman

d

In the event known as the\__________, Nixon ordered Attorney General Richardson to fire the special prosecutor investigating the Watergate break-in.
a) the Saturday Night Massacre
b) impeachment
c) the Southern strategy
d) Black Monday

a

When Nixon resigned, \_________became president.
a) Spiro Agnew
b) Ronald Reagan
c) Gerald Ford
d) Jimmy Carter

c

President Carter's foreign policy was marked by a commitment to\_____________.
a) detente
b) free trade
c) compromise
d) human rights

d

The Camp David Accords were an agreement between\_________and Israel.
a) Egypt
b) Syria
c) China
d) Iran

a

During the early 1980s, conservatives objected to what they believed were excesses in\_________________.
a) big business
b) free enterprise
c) military spending
d) government regulation

d

The Strategic Defense Initiative was an extremely costly\_________.
a) bomber
b) missile defense system
c) communications system
d) plan for international alliance

b

In the 1980s, reports on education revealed that U.S. schools were\____________.
a) in danger of going bankrupt within ten years
b) focusing too heavily on math and science
c) performing better than those of most other industrialized nations
d) performing worse than those of most other industrialized nations

d

During Reagan's presidency, federal spending increased most for\____________
a) defense and the military
b) job training and school loans
c) urban mass transit in major cities
d) environmental protection

a

Fundamentalist Christian leaders and televangelist Jerry Falwell formed the organization called\____________.
a) the New Right
b) the conservative coalition
c) the Moral Majority
d) affirmative action

c

President Reagan made a point of appointing administrators to the Environmental Protection Agency who were sympathetic to\____________.
a) business interests
b) foreign interests
c) agricultural interests
d) environmental interests

a

People who believed that reverse discrimination is a problem are worried about discrimination against\_______.
a) the poor
b) minorities
c) white people
d) business owners

c

Presidents Reagan and Bush were most successful in meeting their goal of\_____________.
a) consistently lowering taxes
b) problem-free federal deregulation
c) cutting off the supply of illegal drugs
d) making the Supreme Court more conservative

d

One result of the global economy is that\_____________.
a) American workers now compete for jobs with workers in other countries
b) trade between the U.S. and other countries has decreased
c) prices on imported goods have risen steeply
d) environmental laws in other countries are becoming stricter

a

In 1994, Proposition 187 was passed in California to\_________________.
a) keep illegal immigrants from taking jobs from residents
b)) prevent illegal immigrants from entering the state
c) cut off education and health benefits to illegal immigrants
d) improve economic opportunities for both legal and illegal immigrants

c

Urban flight has led to all of the following except\________.
a) a declining economic base in cities
b) fewer downtown shopping districts
c) higher taxes on homes in the suburbs
d) better schools in inner cities

d

Bill Clinton became the second president in U.S. history to be\______________.
a) elected without popular mandate
b) impeached by the House
c) reelected to a third term
d) denounced by the Republican Party

b

The aging of America's population will strain the government's ability to\_________________.
a) control unemployment
b) provide services to children
c) pay Social Security benefits
d) prevent crime and terrorism

c

Many workers felt less secure in the 1990s because\_____________.
a) strikes by unions were becoming common
b) many companies were downsizing
c) many companies were declaring bankruptcy
d) robots were making workplaces unsafe

b

New high-tech businesses based on the growth of the Internet are called\______________.
a) nanobots
b) genomes
c) dotcoms
d) V-chips

c

One hoped-for benefit of genetic engineering is the ability to\__________________.
a) prevent inherited diseases
b) create visual models on computers
c) end the AIDS epidemic
d) perform long-distance surgery

a

Which of the following of Roosevelt's ideas failed to become a law?
a) federally supported loans for housing
b) the reorganization of the Supreme Court
c) the establishment of regional planning authorities
d) the creation of a federally supported pension program

b

Who wrote the novel The Grapes of Wrath about the grim lives of Oklahomans fleeing the Dust Bowl during the Depression?
a) Grant Wood
b) John Steinbeck
c) Richard Wright
d) Dorothea Lange

b

In following a policy of appeasement, what did Britain and France do?
a) declared war on Germany
b) submitted to Hitler's demands
c) entered into a formal defense alliance
d) pressured the U.S. to enter that war

b