Reproductive Phys Exam 2 - Women

ovary

gonad, makes cells and hormones, site of oogenesis, prepare and release eggs on a monthly basis, one side attached to uterus other side close to fallopian tubes

uterus

site of implantation for fertilized egg

cervix

gateway between uterus and upper vagina

vagina

fibromuscular organ, copulatory organ, birth canal

fallopian tube

transports egg from ovary to uterus

follicle

egg + layers of cells around it

what is the ovary tethered to the uterus and body wall by?

ligament

cortex

outer edge of ovary, there are blood vessels here

medulla

inner part of ovary

primordial follicle

small dormant follicle with granulosa cells, contains immature oocyte

primary follicle

larger mitotic follicle with more than one layer of granulosa cells, has zona pellucida

secondary follicle

larger follicle with more layers of granulosa cells, now has theca cells and antrum

vesicular follicle

mature secondary follicle

zona pellucida

glycoprotein coat surrounding and protecting the egg

corpus luteum

structure that was once the empty follicle after the egg is ovulated

corpus albicans

polar bodies

vehicles for shedding chromosomes to obtain a haploid state, cannot be fertilized

perimetrium

outer layer of uterus

myometrium

smooth muscle that can contract (cramps)

endometrium

where fertilized egg implants, has 2 sublayers

stratum basalis

sublayer of endometrium, foundation of endometrium (does not go away!), gives rise to stratum functionalis

stratum functionalis

where implantation occurs, built up in preparation for implantation, if no preganacy then it’s lost in menstrual fluid

contents of menstrual fluid

blood, vaginal/cervical secretions (arterial - not bleeding), endometrial tissue (cast = where whole piece comes out at once)

vagina

fibromuscular tube, vaginal walls have ridges and bumps (rugae), wrinkled folds maintained by E to stay moist, healthy vagina has bacteria and yeast (more lactobacillus than yeast)

vulva

all external genitalia, collective structures

mons veneris

extra fat, shock absorber

labia majora

comes from genital swelling, hair covered to protect from debris, fleshy folds

labia minora

inside majora, hairless folds, comes from urethral folds, encloses vestibule

orifice

tube that goes to bladder, urine is expelled

paraurethral glands

secrete lubrication for vestibule, implicated in F ejaculation

entriodis

just inside vaginal opening

bartholin’s glands

secrete more lubrication, found on either side of orifice

vestibular bulbs

erectile tissue, bloodflow increases during arousal, parallel to columns

clitoris

at top of vestibule, arose from genital tubercle (analogous to penis), has a foreskin - clitoral hood, columns bracket vestibule, takes on blood during arousal, increase in size and columns, highly sensitive