Related t-Test and Unrelated t-Test

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding the related and unrelated t-tests, focusing on their application in psychological research.

What is the related t-test used for?

The related t-test is used to find differences in average measurements from the same participants in a repeated measures design.

What measurements do we use for heart rate in the related t-test?

Heart rate is measured in beats per minute (bpm) as interval data.

What is the alternative hypothesis in the study of CBT and gambling?

There is a reduction in heart rate activity when comparing heart rate before and after cognitive behavior therapy.

What is the null hypothesis in the study of CBT and gambling?

There is no difference in heart rate activity comparing heart rate before and after cognitive behavior therapy.

How many participants were involved in the CBT study on gamblers?

Ten participants categorized as 'persistent gamblers' participated in the study.

What statistical measure is calculated to find significance in the t-test?

The calculated t-value is compared to the critical t-value to determine significance.

What is the significance level typically used in psychology for t-tests?

The significance level commonly used is 0.05.

What is an important assumption regarding participants in a related t-test?

Participants should be drawn from a normally distributed sample and homogeneity of variance is assumed.

What is the formula for calculating the t-value in the related t-test?

t = (NΣd² - (Σd)²) / (N-1), where N is the number of participants.

What were the critical and calculated t-values in the related t-test related to CBT?

Calculated t-value was 2.237 and critical t-value at df=9 was 1.833.

What must the calculated t-value show to reject the null hypothesis?

The calculated t-value must be greater than the critical t-value.

In the unrelated t-test, what is being compared?

It compares the means of two independent groups (e.g., boys and girls' jigsaw puzzle completion times).

What is the implication of a negative calculated t-value in the unrelated t-test?

The negative sign indicates that group B's mean was larger than group A's, but the sign is ignored when comparing it to critical values.

How many participants were in the independent groups study for the unrelated t-test?

There were ten boys and ten girls participating.

What is required for the data used in the unrelated t-test?

Data must be interval level, with normal distribution and homogeneity of variance.