Chemical Reactions

U1L2

Van der Waals Forces

1. Electrostatic

2. Induction

3. Dispersion

Electrostatic

Dipole-dipole

present in polar compounds

induction

dipole induced force

polar compounds

if there is no hydrogen bonding but the molecule has polarity

disperson

london dispersion force

non-polar compounds

what do polar compounds dissolve in?

polar compounds (sugar and water)

what do non-polar compounds dissolve in?

non-polar (nail polish, acetone)

properties of water

heat capacity is very high: amount of heat required to warm up water is high

adhesion: attraction to different molecules

Cohesion: attraction to same molecules

Density of liquid vs solid

hydrophilic

can dissolve in H2O

polar compounds

hydrophobic

cannot dissolve in H2O

non-polar compounds

Types of reactions

Condensation/dehydration, hydrolysis, neutralization, redox (oxydization)

hydrolysis

molecules of H2O break

AB+H2O→A-OH + B-H

Condensation/Dehydration

to synthesize bigger molecules and H2O is produced

AOH+BH→AB+H2O

neutralization

when acid and base react with each other and produce salt and water

Acid+Base→Salt+water

redox

reduction in oxydation

one reaction is gaining electrons (reduced) (RIG) and other is losing electrons (oxidized) (OIL)