Diana Baumrind's Four Major Styles in Parenting

Authoritative Parenting

(High warmth, high control) Considered the most effective and balanced style.

Authoritative Parenting Characteristics:

Set clear rules and expectations

Enforce rules consistently but with explanation

Are warm, responsive, and involved

Encourage independence and open communication

Authoritative Parenting Effects on Children

High self-esteem

Good academic performance

Better emotional regulation

Social competence

Authoritarian Parenting

(Low warmth, high control) Strict and emphasizes obedience.

Authoritarian Parenting Characteristics

Enforce rules rigidly

Expect obedience without questioning ("because I said so")

Use punishment more than reasoning

Less warmth, less emotional responsiveness

Authoritarian Parenting Effects on children:

Lower self-esteem

Higher anxiety

Good obedience short-term, but poorer social skills

May be more aggressive or dependent on authority

Permissive Parenting

(High warmth, low control) Parents are very nurturing but do not provide enough structure.

permissive parenting Characteristics

Few rules or expectations

Rarely enforce limits

Want to avoid conflict

Highly accepting and warm

Permissive Parenting Effects on Children

Poor self-regulation

More impulsive behavior

Lower academic achievement

Difficulty following rules

Neglectful/Uninvolved Parenting

(Low warmth, low control)

Neglectful/Uninvolved parenting Characteristics

Little emotional involvement

Few demands, little monitoring

Parents may be overwhelmed, disengaged, or absent

Neglectful/Uninvolved Parenting Effects on Children

Poor emotional regulation

Low self-esteem

Higher risk of behavioral problems

Poor academic performance

What are Baumrinds Four Parenting Styles

Authoritative, Authoritarian, Permissive, Neglectful