astronomy short answer

Explain in the three to four sentences of a least 2 ways astronomers determine distances to local stars, distant galaxies, and the width of the observable universe.

parallax - the shift in stars position

standard candles - known luminosity tells us about Ia supernovae

red shift and hubble’s law - for very distant galaxies

Describe in two to four sentences about dark matter and dark energy and answering the following questions. What fraction of energy budget of the Universe is made up of visible matter, dark matter, and dark energy? For dark matter, how do we know it exists? What is dark energy doing to the Universe?

5 % visible, 27% dark matter, 68% dark energy

dark matter is inferred from galaxy rotation curves and gravitational lensing

dark energy causes the expansion of the universe

Describe in two to three sentences the three structure components of the Milky Way galaxy and the type of objects in each structure. For example what star generation, gases/dust, super massive black hole.

disk - young stars, spiral arms, ongoing star formation, gas, dust

bulge - older stars, supermassive blackhole

halo - globular clusters, large amounts of dark matter

Describe in two to three sentences the three structure components of the Milky Way galaxy and the type of objects in each structure. For example what star generation, gases/dust, super massive black hole.

disk - young stars, spiral arms, ongoing star formation, gas, dust

bulge - older stars, supermassive blackhole

halo - globular clusters, large amounts of dark matter

Describe in two to four sentences about dark matter and dark energy and answering the following questions. What fraction of energy budget of the Universe is made up of visible matter, dark matter, and dark energy? For dark matter, how do we know it exists? What is dark energy doing to the Universe?

5 % visible, 27% dark matter, 68% dark energy

dark matter is inferred from galaxy rotation curves and gravitational lensing

dark energy causes the expansion of the universe

Explain in the three to four sentences of a least 2 ways astronomers determine distances to local stars, distant galaxies, and the width of the observable universe.

parallax - the shift in stars position

standard candles - known luminosity tells us about Ia supernovae

red shift and hubble’s law - for very distant galaxies