Enlightenment Quiz - Philosophers

Voltaire/Francois Marie (French)

Published more than 70 books of political essays, philosophy, and drama. Targeted the Clergy, the aristocracy, and the government. Sent to prison twice.

Montesquieu (French)

Checks and Balances. Published “On the spirit of Laws”

Rousseau (French)

His essays won him recognition. Argued all people are equal. “The Origins of the Inequity of Mankind”. The Social Contract (1762).

Beccaria (Italian)

Believed in no torture or abuse. Punishment should be based on the circumstances of the crime. His ideas influenced criminal law reforms in Europe and North America.

Wollstonecraft (English)

An essay called “A Vindication of the rights of women” in 1792. Wanted women to enter make dominant fields.

Hobbes (English)

Leviathan 1651. “The Special contract”. Believed in absolute Monarchy.

Locke (English)

English, believed people had the gift of reason, wrote treaty’s on Government, believed in a limited Monarchy.

Diderot (French)

Encyclopedia, challenged views of society. Articles and findings in the fields of Science and Mathematics. Helped spread enlightenment ideas.

What are the 5 Core ideas of the Enlightenment?

1. Reason

2. Nature

3. Happiness

4. Progress

5. Liberty