Chapter 20 Manicure

Study Guide

What is the art of caring for and beautifying the hand and fingernails?

manicuring

The following are purposes for cosmetologists to have an understanding of manicuring EXCEPT __________.

to provide clients with emotional support

The list of services that you are legally allowed to perform within your license in your state is called what?

scope of practice

What is a consequence of performing services outside of the scope of practice in your state?

You may lose your license.

Why is it important to know the scope of work on your license?

Regulations differ for every state.

What is the consequence if your client is harmed while you perform an illegal service?

You will be liable, personally and professionally.

What is the average length for a manicure table?

36 to 48 inches

What type of bulb should you use for your adjustable lamp when manicuring?

40 to 60 watts

Which of the following pieces of equipment is usually 36 to 48 inches in length and 16 to 21 inches in width?

manicure table

Which of the following pieces of equipment should be selected for ergonomics, comfort, durability, resistance to staining, and ease of cleaning?

cosmetologist’s chair

Which of the following pieces of equipment is made from plastic, metal, glass, or ceramic?

finger bowl

Which of the following pieces of equipment helps maintain a clean, clutter-free appearance to your work area?

supply tray

Which piece of equipment is used to kill microorganisms and their spores and sterilize implements and tools?

autoclave

What is designed to speed the evaporation of solvents, allowing them to harden more quickly?

nail polish dryer

The following are considered special treatments as an add-on service EXCEPT ________.

the ventilation system

Which of the following multiuse implements should be held at a 20- to 30-degree angle from the nail plate?

metal pusher

Which of the following multiuse implements should be used to remove dead skin?

nail nippers

Which of the following multiuse implements should be used to lift small bits of debris from the nail plate?

tweezers

Which of the following multiuse implements should be used from each side of a client’s nail to prevent stress damage to the sides of the nail plate?

nail clippers

Which of the following materials is best for a multiuse tool?

stainless steel

Which of the following is used to apply nail oils?

disposable application brushes

Which of the following would be used to remove surface debris during a service?

nylon nail brush

Which of the following materials would corrode during disinfection and sterilization?

nickel-plated metal

Which of the following tools is a multiuse implement designed to gently scrape cuticle tissue from the natural nail plate?

metal pusher

Which of the following abrasives should be used with caution and generally not on natural nails?

lower-grit abrasives

Which tool is shaped like a two-sided nail file and creates shine on nails?

buffer

Which of the following are also called pledgets and can be used for many things, from product removal to application?

gauze squares

Julie is working on a client’s manicure and grabs a spatula to remove product from its container. Julie accidently touches her client’s hand with the plastic spatula. What should she do?

Julie should throw out the spatula.

Which of the following is considered personal protective equipment?

gloves

Which of the following abrasives is used to shorten and shape natural nails?

medium-grit abrasives

Which of the following abrasives is used to buff, polish, and remove very fine scratches?

fine-grit abrasives

How would you handle your gloves during a manicure and pedicure appointment for the same client?

You should use different gloves for each service.

Marielle, a new cosmetologist, is file prepping. Why is it important she takes this action?

File prepping removes sharp edges from the file, which prevents it from cutting clients.

All of the following are added ingredients that acetone-based and non-acetone-based removers have to prevent drying of the nail plate and surrounding skin EXCEPT ________.

liquefied cocoa butter

What would be your first step in properly keeping your hands clean?

Wash your hands with soap and water.

________________ contain ingredients designed to seal the surface of the skin around the nails and hold in the subdermal moisture in the skin.

Nail creams

_______________ are designed to be absorbed into the nail plate to increase flexibility and into the surrounding skin to soften and moisturize.

nail oils

_______________ are designed to loosen and dissolve dead tissue on the nail plate so that the tissue can be more easily

and thoroughly removed from the nail plate.

cuticle removers

What would you recommend to a client who is dealing with weak nails and could use the benefits of collagen on the nails?

nail hardener

All of the following are types of nail hardeners EXCEPT ________.

acetone

Which nail product softens and smooths the hands, making the skin and finished manicure look more beautiful?

hand cream

How long should you hold a cotton ball saturated with polish remover on the nail?

10 seconds

Which nail shape would you recommend to a client who would like a tapered, long nail?

pointed nail

Which nail shape would you recommend to a client who has not had a manicure before and would like a more conservative shape?

oval nail

When considering the basic manicure as a three-part nail care procedure, which step would be second?

service procedure

Paul, fresh out of school, is in the middle of performing a manicure for his potential employer to see. After he finishes, Paul sees that he spent about 50 minutes on the manicure. What would his potential employer think of this?

The employer would be disappointed that Paul took so long to complete a manicure.

When there is a new client in the salon, the cosmetologist should take the opportunity to get to know the client and the client’s wants and needs. Which step is this in the nail service?

consultation

When considering the basic manicure as a three-part nail care procedure, which step would include disinfecting your tools?

pre-service

All of the following are considerations you need to keep in mind when deciding on a nail shape EXCEPT _________.

marital status

Which of the following is the step of the consultation that would occur first, after the client has filled out the consultation form?

Check the nails and skin.

Which step could determine whether a first-time client returns to you?

nail polish application

How many coats do you need for the most successful nail polish application?

Four

Cosmetologists practice the _______-stroke method for professional results when applying nail polish.

three

Erin’s client is choosing a polish color and asks Erin for help. Erin holds the potential polish colors above the client’s hand. How does this help the client choose a color?

It helps show which color will complement the client’s skin tone.

Which of the following is applied first in the nail polish application process?

base coat

How many coats of polish color are standard for coverage?

two

When polishing the nail, how should you handle the eponychium?

Do not apply polish close to the eponychium.

What is the manipulation of the soft tissues of the body called?

massage

What is often the most memorable part of the manicure?

massage

What is the massage movement in which the hands glide over an area of the body with varying degrees of pressure or contact?

effleurage

What is the massage movement that entails kneading, lifting, squeezing, and pressing of the tissue called?

pétrissage

What is the massage movement of rapid tapping or striking motion of the hands against the skin called?

tapotement

When performing a massage, what is the continuous trembling or shaking movement without leaving contact with the skin called?

vibration

What massage movement incorporates various strokes that manipulate or press one layer of tissue over another?

friction

For which of the following clients would you avoid vigorous or strong massage techniques?

clients with arthritis

What would eliminate the relaxation therapy of a massage?

talking

Which of the following would be a feature of both a basic manicure and a spa manicure?

massage

Treatment manicures may have names that closely represent their purpose. Which manicure would incorporate the use of alpha hydroxy acid for exfoliation and skin rejuvenation?

anti-aging manicure

Treatment manicures may have names that closely represent their purpose. Which manicure would entail exfoliating callused skin?

scrub manicure

Treatment manicures may have names that closely represent their purpose. Which manicure might use lightening age spot treatments?

spot-be-gone manicure

When performing advanced manicure treatments including oils or cosmetics, what information do you need from the client?

What do you call manicures that eliminate soaking the nails in water?

waterless manicure

Few all-natural products are commercially available. What is an alternative when a client requests all-natural products?

Mix your own products from fresh ingredients in small batches each day.

Many salons and spas have services based on ____________, such as pumpkin spice manicures and pedicures in the fall.

themes

All manicures can be performed using _______ manicure techniques.

dry

What treatment increases blood circulation to the skin while also trapping moisture?

paraffin wax treatment

Once paraffin has been used on a client, what should you do with it?

Discard it.

Clients over 65 should bring in a physician’s permission prior to having or using which treatment?

paraffin treatment

In which application of paraffin treatment would you use a disposable brush?

painted on

In which application of paraffin treatment would you use commercial gloves?

single-use gloves

At what point would you ask clients about their health?

during the consultation

All of the following are adaptations that salons can make to accommodate clients with special needs EXCEPT:

Always use a pedicure throne for clients with mobility challenges.

You may want to cool down the temperature for which treatment for clients who are sensitive to heat?

paraffin treatment

What is the name of the nail art upgrade where the nail bed is one color and the nail’s free edge is another color?

French manicure

What do you call the nail art upgrade where one color fades into the other and the meeting point is a combination of the two colors?

color fading

What tool is used to create a marbleized effect on the nail?

stylus

Monique, a cosmetologist, has lace, mesh, and fabric prepared for her client’s nail art. What is she using these items as?

stencils