2.3 Contemporary issue: Trafficking and slavery

contemporary slavery

a form of forced or bonded labour, with or without pay, under threat of violence

forced labour

all work or service that is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which a person has not offered themselves voluntarily

debt bondage

a situation where a person is forced to repat a loan with labour instead of money, where the proper value of the labout is not applied towards repayment and/or the type or duration of services is not properly limited

sexual slavery

repeated violation or sexual abuse or forcing a victim to provide sexual service; it often takes the form of forced prostitution or forced labour where sexual abuse is also common

child soldier

a person under the age of 18 who participates, directly or indirectly, in armed conflict as part of an armed force or group, including both armed and support roles

forced marriage

marriage in which one or both parties is married against their will, often on promise of payment of money or goods to the family of the other person involved

human trafficking

the commercial trade or trafficking in human beings for the purpose of some form of slavery, usually involving recruiting, transporting or obtaining a person by force, coercion or deceptive means

people smuggling

illegal transportation of people across bordcers, where people voluntarily pay a fee to the smugglwer, and then are usually free to continue on their own after arrival in the hope of starting a new life in the destination country