Lecture 9

Huber, Rueschemeyer, Stephens (HRS)

authors of the Capitalist Development and Democracy

contradiction, qualitative, quantitative

HRS article recognizes a _______ between the _____ and ______ methods research done on democracy

statistical, democracy, GDP

quantitative literature found a _______ relationship between level of _____ and _____

high

high level of democracy = ______ GDP

causal, democracy

the relationship between democracy and GDP is not necessarily _______ because maybe _______ causes GDP and not vice versa

spurious, 3rd

the relationship between democracy and GDP may be _______ since there could be a _____ factor related that drives the relationship

causal

Lipset + Moore claim that the relationship between capitalism and democracy is ______

Class-based argument

Lipset + Moore argument proposes that capitalism strengthens the middle class

liberal, active, inclusion

Lipset + Moore claim that the middle class upholds _______ norms of freedom and equality and that is it civically _____ by pursuing political ______

bourgeosie, democracy

Moore claims: no _______, no _______

case

qualitative literature provides detailed _____ studies

against

findings of qualitative methods oppose Lipset and Moore because it claims that the bourgeoisie and middle class are frequently _______ democracy

own, lower

qualitative methods emphasize the middle class' pursuing of its _____ interests and opposition to the participation of ________ classes

democracy

qualitative methods conclude that capitalism doesn't promote ____

both

HRS accept some aspects of ______ methods

strong, democracy

HRS believe that the relationship between capitalism and democracy is _____ and they also believe that the bourgeoisie/middle class are not the driving force behind ______

capitalism

HRS research question: what explains the relationship between ________ and democracy

equitable, dominate

HRS believe that democracy require a relatively ______ distribution of power because of not, those with power will _______ politics

resources

capitalism strengthens the state by providing _______, making the state powerful

limit, interests

when capitalism is controlled by dominant classes, it is used as an instrument to _______ democracy and promote elite _______

no

does the state and international actors explain the relationship between capitalism and democray?

capitalists, no

the most powerful international actors have been _____, but they did ___ have a systematic impact on democracy

British Caribbean, Latin America

international actors contributed to democracy in _________ _____ but hindered it in _______ _______

classes, democracy

HRS claim that capitalist development readjusts the power of ____ in ways promoting _____

landed aristocratic elites

group that was most powerful but lost power due to capitalist development

opponent

landed aristocratic elites were the biggest ______ of democracy

capitalists/bourgeoisie

group that gained considerable power due to capitalist development but pursue partial democratization

workers

the capitalists/bourgeoisie want power but are fearful of allowing the _____ to participate in politics

block, workers

the capitalists/bourgeoisie only pursue full democracy when the landed elites _____ so they have to turn to _________

working

according to HRS, the most important factor is the _______ class

capitalism

______ strengthens the working class

cohesion

______ facilitates worker mobilization

marxist

HRS arguments on the working class draw on ______ theory

empowering

Marx thought that cohesion and orgs are vital to _______ workers but that it would lead to revolution

democracy

on the contrary, HRS show that cohesion and orgs promote ______, not revolution

possible

HRS believe that orgs actually make _______ democracy

class, incorporation

labor unions and parties empower the working _______ by allowing them to push for political ________

members, elite

orgs are oligarchic but they look out for the interests of the _____ and force concessions from the power _______

pluralist

HRS suggest that the _______ perspective is important (working class has different interests that must be organized)

old

civil society is an _____ concept

liberalism

ideology emphasizing the importance of protecting individual rights and liberties

politics

historically, liberalism focused on _____ not economic like nowadays

Locke, Tocqueville

two different perspectives civil society were developed by those 2 persons

Lockean

view suggesting that communities come together for form the government and are vital to its functioning

same, population

Locke claims that the government will have the _______ characteristics as the _______

norms

democracy will work when the population has democratic ____ and values

culture

civil _______ such as norms of equality, respect and activism affect the success of democracy

tocquevilian view

views suggesting that civil society is a counterweight to the state

active, autocratic

tocqueville believed that we need ________ associationalism to prevent the state from being _______

self-organizing

Tocqueville claims that societies need to be _____-______

self-organization, individuation

Hall views civil society as a form of societal _______-________ that allows for cooperation with the state while permitting ________

fashion

Hall thinks there is a link between civil society and ______

artistically

fashion refers to the freedom to express yourself _______ in public

rare

Hall suggests civil society is ______ and only developed in particular circumstances

spread

Hall believes it is possible for civil society to _______ from one place to another

Western Europe

Hall thinks the only place where civil society developed on its own was _______ ________

individuation

religion limits _______ by excluding other religions

law

states need to provide a rule of_____ to protect rights and liberties