The Great Depression and World War II

Flashcards about the Great Depression and World War II

What were the long-term results of depressions that included widespread bank failures and the collapse of investment and credit systems?

Long-term and deeper depressions extending several years.

What made the Great Depression different from previous economic downturns?

It lasted far longer, caused more business failures and unemployment, and affected more people.

What was the Dow Jones Industrial Average high in September 1929?

381

What one resource from the Middle East attracted great interest from American investors in the 1920s and 1930s?

Oil

What did the Red Line Agreement of 1928 entail for oil companies?

British, French, Dutch, and American oil companies agreed to act together to export oil from the region.

What was the result of Standard Oil of California's work in Saudi Arabia in 1938?

Geologists discovered major oil reserves

Who was Roosevelt's opponent in the Presidential Election of 1940?

Wendell Wilkie

What power did Congress give the president in the Lend-Lease Act?

The ability to send immediate aid to Britain.

Where did Roosevelt and Churchill meet in August 1941?

Off the coast of Newfoundland.

What was the purpose of the Atlantic Charter?

To proclaim that they were opposed to territorial expansion for either country, and they were for free trade and self-determination.

What was the prime motivation behind the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931?

The Japanese desire to create an Asian empire.

What was the result of Roosevelt's actions in Southeast Asia?

Roosevelt froze all Japanese assets in the United States, cut off the sale of oil to Japan, and closed the Panama Canal to Japanese ships.

What did American diplomats insist that the Japanese do to regain normal trade relations with the United States?

That the Japanese leave China first

What happened on December 7, 1941?

190 Japanese warplanes attacked the American Pacific fleet anchored at Pearl Harbor.

What was created in 1940 that converted factories over to war production?

Council for National Defense

What did the General Maximum Price Regulation Act do?

Froze prices and established the rationing system.

What did the Revenue Act of 1942 do?

Greatly expanded the number of Americans who had to pay federal income tax, thus increasing the amount of federal revenue.

Between what months in 1942 were over 500 ships sunk by German submarines?

Between January and August

Who met at the Yalta Conference?

Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill

What was agreed at the Yalta Conference?

Germany would be split into four zones of occupation

What was the result of American diplomats working in Washington and Turkey?

To convince the Turks to stay neutral in the war, which would allow the Allies continued access to the Mediterranean Sea.

Where did American and British forces land in 1942?

Morocco and Algeria

What was indispensable for the Soviet victory over the Nazis?

American efforts to assist the Soviet war effort that also went through the Middle East.

What happened to General Douglas MacArthur in March in the Philippines?

Forced to abandon his troops and go to Australia

What was the Bataan Death March?

About 75,000 American and Filipino prisoners were forced to endure the 60-mile Bataan Death March, during which over 10,000 prisoners were executed or died from weakness

Where did the Americans win their first decisive victory at the Battle of?

The Coral Sea

The Japanese lost 4 aircraft carriers and over 200 planes in the Battle of what?

Midway