Lecture Summary on Protostomes and Ecdysozoans

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to protostomes, deuterostomes, and specific phyla within the animal kingdom, aiding in understanding evolutionary adaptations and classifications.

Protostome

A group of bilaterally symmetrical animals where the initial invagination during gastrulation becomes the mouth.

Deuterostome

A group of animals where the initial invagination during gastrulation becomes the anus.

Bilatera

A group of animals characterized by bilateral symmetry, comprising various phyla, including protostomes and deuterostomes.

Lophotrochozoa

One of the two major clades of protostomes, which grow incrementally and do not molt.

Ecdysozoa

A clade of protostomes that need to molt their exoskeleton or cuticle to grow.

Morphological diversity

The variety of shapes and forms found among organisms, influenced by genetic makeup.

Genetic toolkit

A common set of genes shared among many multicellular organisms responsible for development.

Ecdysis

The process of molting, which is necessary for growth in ecdysozoans.

Coelomate

An organism with a body cavity that is completely lined by mesoderm.

Segmented body plan

A body structure where the organism's body is divided into repeated sections or segments.

Adaptations for land living

Features that allow organisms to conserve water and exchange gases while living on land.

Lophophore

A ciliated feeding structure found in some lophotrochozoans.

Trochophore

A ciliated larval stage found in some lophotrochozoans.

Annelida

A phylum of segmented worms, including earthworms and leeches.

Mollusca

A diverse phylum consisting of animals like snails, clams, and octopuses, characterized by their soft bodies.

Arthropoda

The most diverse phylum of animals, including insects, arachnids, and crustaceans, characterized by segmented bodies and jointed appendages.

Cuticle

A protective outer layer found in ecdysozoans, often made of collagen or other materials.