Mendel's Laws & Patterns of Inheritance

Mendels Law of Inheritance: Law of Segregation (Separate)

Each organism has TWO ALLES for each gene (one from mom, one from dad). When gametes (egg or sperm) are made, these alleles separate so that each gamete gets only one allele.

Mendels Law of Inheritance: Law of Independent Assortment (Independent Choice)

Different genes (like eye color and height) are inherited independently of each other. The inheritance of one gene doesn’t affect the inheritance of another.

Patterns of inheritance: Complete Dominance (One Gene Wins)

One allele completely dominates over the other. The dominant always outshine the repressive.

Patterns of Inheritance: Incomplete Domiance (Blending)

Neither allele is completly domiannt. Both alles blend together to manke a new trait, like mixing red and white to make pink.

Patterns of Inheritance: (Codominacne)

NEITHER alles hides the other. Both alleles are fully expressed at the same time, like a roan colored cow.

Patterns of Inheritance: Sex-Linked Inheritance (On the X chromosome)

The gene is located on the X chromosome. Males are more likely to express the rait because they have only one X chromosome and have no other X to hide the resssive trait.

Patterns of Inhertiance: Multiple alleles

There are MORE THAN TWO alleles to choose from, but a person can still ONLY INHERT TWO alles for each geene. Like options at a restaurant. You have a whole menu of items, but can only pick two to eat.

Pattern of Inheritance: Polygenic Inheritance (Many genes)

MANY GENES contribute to a single trait. There’s traits don’t follow simple dominant and recessive patterns, but instead show a range if vartions, like skin color, height, and eye color. Each gene contributes a little bit to the final result. It’s going to a buffet, haing a bunch of items on the menu, and eating as much as you want until you get full.