theme d

3 ways we can hold people in power to account

1. petitions

2. demonstrations

3. volunteering

what is the easiest way for citizens to contribute to democracy

voting in local and general elections

describe interest groups

1. have a specific focus

2. try to raise public awareness

3. aim to shape political priorities

what does social media allow citizens to do

1. gather more information

2. organise events

3. share images

what does social media allow political parties to do

engage with voters directly in the palm of their hand through their mobile phones

what term did the conservative party spread through social media

get brexit done in 2019

how did the BLM movement start

people sharing videos and images of the police mistreating black people in the usa

describe a public institution

1. a government body like the local council

2. important because citizens can use their vote to change them

3. often hold consultations with citizens to hear their views

describe trade unions

1. represent ordinary working people against their employers

2. provide working people with a voice to stand up to injustice

describe an example of a charity

joseph rowntree foundation

publishes reports about poverty which can influence the government

describe censorship of the media in the usa and china

usa: a number of media outlets which are not censored by the government

china: all media is censored and approved by the government

what is a codified constitution

is written in a single document

what is media a form of

mass communication and a way of sharing information

describe an example of free press

the express scandal 2010

• the daily telegraph published a story about how politicans were using loopholes to claim more money on top of their wages

• the IPSA was created to ensure the MP’s behaviour doesn’t damage the reputation of parliament

what are the two main press regulation organisations in the UK

IPSO and Ofcom

describe IPSO and its limitations

• founded after the phone hacking scandal

• encourages people to follow the rules and is critical when they fall short

• its a member organisation so many newspapers refused to sign up

describe Ofcom

• founded in 2003 by the government

• if a broadcaster fails to comply with the rules, they may have their licence revoked

what does the press code state

Journalists can’t engage in criminal activity but can be broken if it’s in the public’s best interest

what is one of the medias roles

scrutinising the government and hold those in power to account

example of bias in the media

• most readers of the daily mail and the sun voted for conservative party

• most readers of the daily mirror and the guardian votes for the labour party

purpose of the eu

• union of 2 states

• offers members a chance to create legislation for the common good of all nations

• offers members in participation in a powerful trading block

what are the united nations 5 permanent members

1. china

2. uk

3. usa

4. france

5. russia

what is the UN for?

for all countries to discuss problems and find solutions

what does IMF do and what does it mean

international monteray fund

• to foster international cooperation in finance and support fair trade

what does the WHO do and what does it stand for

World Health Organisation

• ensure countries cooperate to combat health inequalities or global pandemics

when was nato formed

1949

how do nato members benefit

from a shared military force which can be deployed to countries at risk of increasing tension

what does the geneva convention set out

rules such as:

• treating prisoners of war with dignity

• ensuring that civilians are not targeted by weapons of war

examples of international disputes

• human rights issues

• land disputes

• political differences

example of an economic sanctions

When Russia invaded ukraine, the uk:

• froze the bank accounts of wealthy Russians

• ceased most trade with russia

what does mediation attempt to do

• find a middle ground

• resolve the situation before full-scale conflict breaks out

describe military intervention

At the extreme, the UK might support a country with military aid or ground invasion forces

describe NGO’s

• not linked to the government

• often charities that provide service to people in need

• work nationally or internationally

• respond to all types of incidents such as natural disasters and conflict

examples of NGOs

• oxfam

• save the children

how many members are in the commonwealth

made up of 56 countries

what is the common wealth charter

an agreement between the Commonwealth countries.

advantages for political parties using social media

• Campaigning is viral. it can reach many people

• it is interactive, so everyone can respond

• people opt in so the audience is interested

• its free

disadvantages for social media

• theres a mass of content

• so many members that its hard to target the material

• difficult to monitor

• misinformation and disinformation can mislead people

descriptions and examples of charities

• allow citizens to volunteer their time and skills

• they work to support causes or groups in society and are non-profit making

• they aim to raise awareness and fund their cause in order to improve conditions, eliminate disease and create social change

• amnesty international

• asthma uk

descriptions and examples of interest and pressure groups

• interest gropus share a common interest that may be political or not, and can promote ideas in many ways

• prssure groups are often interest groups that put pressure on the government to adopt policies that help the issues they care about

• can be local and international

• may represent a cause or a section of society

• they help give the government a better idea of public opinion

• many are voluntary, although some have paid staff

• they may use direct or indirect methods

• they hold the government to account by spreading power and influence to society

• mind, oxfam, nspcc

reasons someone might volunteer

• part of religion

• to help people

• to give something back

• connect with interests and hobbies

• time to spare

• to meet new people

• to learn new skills

features about a democratic society

• most adult citizens can vote or stand for election

• wide range of parties to choose from

• elections are free, fair and open

• media is free to express any view

• freedom of expression is valued

• anyone can join a pressure group

• high participation in elections

• norway, iceland, sweden, uk

features of a non-democratic society

no genuine elections

contrys leader is a dictator

military is central to the policing

no rule of law

crticism to the government is likely to mean being sent to prison

no free media

north korea, syria, drc

case study on a pressure group

• local councillor listened and made roads safer due to petitioin

• raised awareness, gained audience who all want the same thing

• showed they were formal and serious about their causepetition

what is a trade union

associations of workers who protect and support the rights of people in the work place

what do trade unions do today

still maintain and improve conditions

what has reduce the power and numbers of the trade unions

anti-union laws brought in by the governments

some rights in the workplace

1. a contract of employment

2. at least nation minimum wage

3. protection from discrimination

4. high national living wage

5. health and safety

describe negotiations in trade unions

negotiate with employers to improve pay and conditions

describe representation in trade unions

representing workers interests to government to affect policy, to employers in relation to their rights, disputes and redundancy and to tribunals

describe support within trade unions

helping members through education and training, or giving financial help if a member has a medical or financial crisis.

some unions support the labour party with donations

purpose of the media

1. educate

2. entertain

3. inform

4. scrutinise

describe education as a purpose of the media

supposed to give intellectual, moral and social information on a subject so the public becomes educated

planet earth

describe entertainment as a purpose of the media

based on providing the public with amusement or enjoyment

match of the day

x factor

describe informing as a purpose of the media

provides information of key things that are going on in our society. through this arm the public gets equipped with news

newsround

bbc news

describe scrutinizing as a purpose of the media

the media is the sword arm of democracy and acts as a watchdog to protect the public interest against malpractice and create public awareness

dispatches

panorama

what is in the publics best interest

things that affect peoples everyday lives

reasons why censorship may occur

• to protect national security

• protect people from harmful content

1. protect children

2. respect court case restrictions

3. protect peoples rights

two regulators of uk media

• bbc

• government

describe the European union

• free trade

• financial support

• single markey

• war is less likely

describe the council of europe

• camt make binding laws

• can enforce international agreements

describe the commonwealth

• promotes development

• platform for making global agreements

• force for making democracy work

• all countries have english as a common working language, similar systems of law, public administration and education

describe the north Atlantic treaty organisation

• can share knowledge

• rely on others support

• committed to send troops to serve

describe the united nations

• uk is a permanent member

• access to financial help

• has to pay a membership fee

describe the world trade organisation

• resolve trade disputes

• commitment to avoid barriers to trade

describe the European commission

includes one commissioner from each member state, they work like a cabinet, overseeing one area of policy. The commission has four roles, which include drafting and interpreting laws

benefits of the eu membership

• Companies within the trade area have access to over 500 million potential customers

• eu funds provide financial support to help pay for the regeneration of depressed areas

• competition within the single market helps to keep prices low for customers

obligations of eu membership

• member states have to pay into the eu to fund its operations

• eu citizens must be allowed to enter other member states to live, work and study

• eu law has primacy, which means that eu members must accept all their laws and include them as part of their own countries’ laws

passport after brexit

A passport is no longer enough to travel to eu countries

you have to pay for an ETIAS

eu borders are more secure as travellers are tracked which should reduce terrorism and crime

fishing after brexit

Boats from EU countries are allowed to fish in uk waters until 2026. Most of the catch is sold to Europe so the eu can decide to tax imports or ban British ports if the industry is treated badly

describe the general assembly

largest body of the UN

meeting annually and dealing with the budget, membership and peace

led by a president for one year

describe the security council in the UN

job of maintaining international peace and security

limited to 15 states

all resolutions are legally binding, each permanent member can veto any esolution

Describe the economic and social council

has jurisdiction over matters of the economy, welfare, environment and international development

includes commissions for topics such as womens rights

describe the international court of justice

main judicial body

rules on issues of international law

15 judges from different states

describe the un secretariat

carry out UN work around the world on a day-to-day basis

describe the trusteeship council

established to supervise 11 territories becoming more independent

the 6 UN agencies

1. UNDP

2. UNIFEM

3. ENCHR

4. UNESCO

5. WB

6. IMF

what does UNDP mean

united nations development program

UNIFEM definition

united nations development fund for women

UNCHR definition

Office of the unites nations high commissioner for refugees

UNSECO definition

united nations children fund

WB definition

world bank

IMF definition

international monetary fund

which war led to the creation of NATO

World war 2

what are the two structures used by the NATO council

1. civilian

2. military

what NGOs do?

1. work with refugees to help resettle

2. protect human rights

3. improve conditions

4. tackle disease outbreaks

5. provide skills for clean water and food during natural disasters

6. improve conditions like providing tech, advice or sanitation

what are NGOs?

1. might be charities

2. have experience in human rights and other important topics

3. have clear humanitarian aims

4. are non-profit

5. Don’t take sides during conflict

describe mediation

bringing together the different sides in a dsipute

the aim is to find a negotatiated solution

uk played a role in the tony blair peace envoy

describe sanctions

penalties for breaking rules in international situations

put pressure and target powerful people

sanctions on russia for war in ukraine

describe force during international conflict

last resort

supporting other fighters in conflict

setting up a no fly zone

iraq- set up no fly zones