Module 4: Musculoskeletal System (all terms)

crepitus

crackling sound heard when two bones rub against each other

deformity

distortion of any part or disfigurement of the body

effusion

fluid build up

abduction

movement of drawing away from the middle

eversion

turning outward (ankle movement)

extension

movement in which limb is placed in a straight position

flexion

movement in which a limb is bent

inversion

turning inward (ankle movement)

pronation

movement that turn the palm down

rotation

turning around its own axis

supination

movement that turns the palm up

bunion

carpal tunnel syndrome

a common painful disorder of the wrist

fibromyalgia

pain in the fibrous tissues and muscles

fracture

broken bone or bent bone

gout

herniated disc

slipped disc or ruptured disc

kyphosis

abnormal hump (of thoracic spine) = hunch back

lordosis

abnormal condition of bending forward

muscular dystrophy

group of hereditary disease characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness

osteoporosis

abnormal loss of bone density occurring frequently in post menopause females

plantar fasciitis

inflammation of plantar fascia, connective tissue of the sole of the foot, due to repetitive injury; common cause of heel pain

rheumatoid arthritis

chronic systemic disease characterized by autoimmune inflammatory changes in the connective tissue throughout the body

scoliosis

abnormal lateral/rotational curve of the spine

spinal stenosis

narrowing of the spinal canal with compression of nerve roots

sprain

stretching or partial tear of a ligament

strain

stretching or partial tear of a muscle

subluxation

incomplete dislocation where some joint surfaces are still in contact

ambulate

able to walk, not confined to bed

asymmetrical

pertaining to both sides being unequal

asymmetry

both sides unequal

chiropractic

therapy that consists of manipulation of the vertebral column

chiropractor

specialist in therapy consisting of manipulation of vertebral column

orthopedics

dealing with the study and Rx of diseases and abnormality of the musculoskeletal system

orthopedist

physician who specialized in study of bones and muscles (orthopod)

orthopod

physician who specialized in study of bones and muscles (orthopedist)

osteoclast

type of bone cell involved in absorption and removal of bone minerals

osteopathy

system of medicine that utilizes usual forms of DX and RX with emphasis of role of the relationship between the body organs and musculoskeletal system; manipulation may be used in addition to other treatment

podiatrist

specialist RX and Dx foot disease and disorders [ ingrown toenails]

prosthetist

one who is skilled in prosthesis

rheumatologist

physician who specializes in the study and treatment of rheumatic diseases

rheumatology

study and treatment of rheumatic disease and musculoskeletal disorders characterized by inflammation and degeneration of structures

symmetrical

pertaining to both sides being equal

symmetry

both sides being equal

alignment

placing of portions of a fractured bone into correct anatomical position

amputation

removal of a limb or portion of a limb

dislocation

temporary displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint

fixation

immobilize

making of a part or limb immovable

orthotics

orthopedic appliances used to support, align, prevent or correct deformities

prosthesis

an artificial substitute for a missing body part such as a leg or eye

reduce

restoring a fractured bone to its normal position

traction

pulling force exerted on a limb in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal position

Ht

height

Wt

Fx

Fracture

CRIF

closed reduction internal fixation

ORIF

open reduction internal fixation

C1, c2

T1, T2

Thoradic v

L1, L2

Lumbar vertebra

LS

Lumbosacral

MD

Muscular dystrophy

OA

Osteoarthritis

RA

Rheumatoid Arthritis

EMG

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Ortho

Orthopedics

OT

Occupational Therapy

PT

Physical therapy

D.O.

burso

fluid filled sac near a joint

carpo

wrist bones

chondro

cartilage

claviculo

collarbone

costo

ribs

cranio

skull

disko

intervertebral disk

electro

electricity

fascio

fascia

femoro

upper leg bone

fibulo

lower lateral leg bone

humero

upper arm bone

ilio

upper pelvic bone

ischio

lower posterior pelvic bone

kinesio

movment

lumbo

lower back region

mandibulo

lower jaw bone

maxillo

upper jaw bone

menisco

cartilage within a joint

metacarpo

bones of the hand

metatarso

bones of the foot

myelo

bone marrow

myoso

muscle

pelvi

pelvis

phalango

finger or toe bones

pubo

anterior pelvic bone

rachio

vertebra, spinal, or vertebral column

radio

lower lateral arm bone

sacro

sacrum (base of spine)

scapulo

shoulder blade