Chemistry Topic 12 Notes- Cation tests and Solubility Tables

Fortnite

Nitrates

An anion with all cations being soluble in it

Group 1/Ammonium Ion

A cation that is soluble in all anions

Chlorides (Halides)

An anion with all cations being soluble in it, excluding Silver, and Lead(II) Chlorides

Sulfates

An anion with all cations being soluble in it, excluding Calcium, Lead(II), and Barium Sulfates

Carbonates, Hydroxides, Oxides

A group of anions of which only Group I/Ammonium ions are soluble in

Aluminium

NaOH: Formulates a white ppt. and is soluble in excess, giving off colourless solution

Aqueous Ammonia: Formulates a white ppt. insoluble in excess

Ammonium

NaOH: Ammonia produced on warming

Calcium

NaOH: White ppt. insoluble in excess

Aqueous Ammonia: No ppt, or slight white semi-ppt.

Chromium

NaOH: Green ppt. soluble in excess

Aqueous Ammonia: Green ppt. insoluble in excess

Copper

NaOH: Light-blue ppt. insoluble in excess

Aqueous Ammonia: Light-blue pt. soluble in excess, turns dark-blue slt. (complex ion)

Iron (2+)

NaOH: Green ppt., Insoluble in Excess, turns brown near the surface on standing.

Aqueous Ammonia: Green Insoluble ppt., IN Excess, turns brown

Iron(3+)

NaOH: Red Brown ppt, insoluble in excess

Aqueous Ammonia: Red Brown ppt, insoluble in excess

Zinc(2+)

NaOH: White ppt, soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution

Aqueous Ammonia: White ppt, soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution