Information processing model

Define input?

using senses to pick up information from the environment

What are the external senses?

sight, hearing

What are the internal senses?

balance, kinesthesis, touch

What are the senses also known as?

receptors

Give examples of something a sports performer might see

oppostion, the ball

Give examples of something a performer might hear

the referee, call from a teammate

Give an example of something a sports performer might touch

a ball, the springboard

What is kinesthesis?

it gives information about body position

Define decision making

a decsion is made based on all the information gathered by the senses

What is important during the decision making stage?

selective attention

Define selective attention

filtering relevant infromation from irrelevant information

How can selective attention be improved?

using bigger/ brighter equipment, slowing down cues, practicing with distractions, increased motivation, mental rehersal

What are the benefits of improved selective attention?

improved reaction time, increased chance of making the correct decision, increased focus

What is perception?

information that has been selected is interpreted

What is perception spilt into? DCR

Detection, Comparison, Recognition

What is detection?

the perfromer has decided on the relevant information

What is comparison?

the information is compared to information already stored in the memory

What is recognition?

information from the memory is used to decide on the appropriate response

What do the translatory mechanisms do?

convert the information so a decision can be made

What happens to information once it has been filtered using selective attention?

it is created into an image to compare with previous movements

Define output

the action performed

What do the effector mechanisms do?

send the movement to the muscles via the motor nerve

What does hicks law state?

the time to make a decision increases the more choices that are available

Define response time

a persons ability to take in and process information to make a decision, and then put this into action

How do you work out response time?

reaction time + movement time

Define simple reaction time

one stimulus requires one response

Define complex reaction time

stimulus requires a choice between a number of responses

List the factors effecting response time

age, sex, stimulus response compatability, experience, stimulus intensity, anticipation

How does stimulus intensity impact response time?

the stronger the stimulus the faster the reaction

How does stimulus intensity impact response time?

the stronger the stimulus the faster the reaction

What is temporal anticpation?

when you know something is going to happen

What is spatial anticipation?

you know where and what is going to happen

What is single channel hypothesis?

once a stimulus has been recognised and is in the process of being dealt with, any secondary stimulus has to wait until the first has been processed

What is the psychological refractory period?

the lull in time between finishing processing stimuli 1 before processing and making a decision on stimuli 2

What is feedback?

information recieved by either intrinsic or extrinsic sources