SBI3U - Unit 1 - Animals

Traits of animals

Eukaryotic, heterotrophic, multicellular, mobile in at least one of their stages, reproduce sexually, and diploid

Cellular Respiration

6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆+ Usable Energy → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Classifying animals with backbones

Vertebrates and invertebrates

Invertebrate

An animal that does not have a backbone

Vertebrate

An animal with an internal skeleton and a backbone

Classifying animals with levels of organization

All animals have cells, and all animals except for sponges have tissues

Classifying animals with the number of body layers

There are three body layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

Ectoderm

The outer layer of cells, such as skin

Mesoderm

The middle layer of cells, such as muscles

Endoderm

The inner layer of cells, such as the liver

Classifying animals with their symmetry

Asymmetrical, radial, or bilateral

Asymmetrical

A body plan with an irregular shape

Radial Symmetry

A body plan that can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into roughly equal halves

Bilateral Symmetry

A body plan that can be divided along one plane, through the central axis, into equal halves

Classifying animals with body cavities

Coelomates and acoelomates

Coelom

A fluid-filled body cavity that provides space for the development of organs

Classifying animals with segmentation

Some animals have segments, which allow the body to have a complex pattern of movement

Segmentation

The division of multicellular bodies into a series of repetitive parts

Classifying animals with movement

Some animals are sessile in some stages, while others are mobile for their whole life cycle

Classifying animals with reproduction

Most animals reproduce using gametic reproduction, where a zygote forms an egg and sperm