DMF- Gen Path and Microbio Part 3 (Hypersensitivity reaction)

What are the 4 Types of Hypersensitivity reaction? (Their names)

REMEMBER: ABCD

- 1. Type 1-Allergic/Anaphylactic/Immediate Hypersensitivity

- 2. Type 2- Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity

- 3. Type 3- Immune Complex Hypersensitivity

- 4. Type 4- Delayed: T-cell mediated

True or false: Hypersensitive reactions mean that your immune system is over responsive and has become more damaging than protecting

True

What is Type 1 Hypersensitivity (3 terms) and its mediator

Allergic/Anphylactic/Immediate Hypersensitivity

IgE

What is Type 2 Hypersensitivity and its mediators

cytotoxic hypersensitivity

IgG and IgM

What is type 3 hypersensitivity and its mediators

Immune complex hypersensitivity

Antigen and antibody complex accumulation

What is type 4 hypersensitivity and its mediator

Delayed;t cell mediated

Immune cells

Board Question: immediate hypersensitivity occurs after how long

Less than 15-30 minutes

Board Question: immune complex hypersensitivity occurs how long after exposure?

3-10 hours after exposure

Board Question: Delayed hypersensitivity occurs how long after exposure?

48-72 hours after exposure

Severe form of allergies is known as

Anaphylaxis

Patients experiencing anaphylaxis will have severe __ and __

Vasodilation

Bronchoconstriction

Anaphylaxis may lead to __ due to the severe blood flow loss)

Anaphylactic Shock

Drug of choice for anaphylactic shock and its dose

Epinephrine

Given IM with dose of 1:1,000 .5ml)

Type of hypersensitivity reaction where the immune system will destroy/attack its own cells directly

Type 2 or Cytotoxic hypersensitivity

Board Question: Rheumatic fever is what type of hypersensitivity reaction

Type 2 or Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity reaction that takes days before reaction appears

Type 4 or Delayed hypersensitivity

Example mentioned of Type 4 Hypersensitivity

Poison ivy

Test taken for patients who have been exposed to Poison Ivy

Tuberculin skin test or Mantoux test

Tuberculin skin test or Mantoux test is used to see if you are already exposed to what bacteria

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Board Question: Horse serum as an antigen being injected in a rabbit is associated with

Arthus Reaction

True or false: Vaccines are a form of antigens

True

Disease associated with butterfly rash

Lupus

Type 3 Hypersensitivity: __ will accumulate and be deposited in walls of blood vessels then WBC will attack them causing damage to the blood vessels

Antigen-Antibody complex

Inflammation of blood vessels

vasculitis

Vasculitis occurs in Immune Complex Hypersensitivity due to __ and __

accumulation of antibody-antigen complex in blood vessels

Neutrophil activity

Board Question: Arthus reaction is commonly seen in __ toxoid and __ toxoid

Tetanus

Diptheria

For Type 3 Hypersensitivity what is the usual cause of Antigen Antibody complex accumulation?

Repeated exposure to the same antigen

Redness of patient with Type 3 hypersensitivity is due to

Vasculitis

Treatment for Lupus

There is no actual treatment that could make Lupus go away, but patients may take IMMUNOSUPPRESANT agents to help

Tissue Repair depends on

Type of tissue damaged

3 types of cells (tissue repair)

LSP

Labile

Stable

Permanent

Type of cell that multiples throughout life and has a short life

Labile cells

Type of cell that multiples when damaged

Stable cells

Type of cell that cannot multiple

Permanent cell

Labile cells/Stable cells/Permanent cells: Epithelial cells

Labile

Labile cells/Stable cells/Permanent cells: mature tbc

Permanent

Labile cells/Stable cells/Permanent cells: skeletal and cardiac muscle

Permanent

Labile cells/Stable cells/Permanent cells: liver cells

Stable

Labile cells/Stable cells/Permanent cells: kidney cells

Stable

Labile cells/Stable cells/Permanent cells: neurons

Permanent