Biology 241 Organ Systems and Functions

Brain

Nervous system, sends signals throughout body

Ligaments

Skeletal system, connects bones to bones

Cartilages

Skeletal system, joint protection and movement

Skin

Integumentary system, protection from outside environment

Bones

Skeletal system, provides structure and function to the body

Thyroid gland

Endocrine system, regulates metabolism

Adrenal gland

Endocrine system, regulates blood pressure and electrolyte balance

Pancreas

Endocrine system and digestive system, produces digestive enzymes

Testes

Male reproduction system, produces testosterone

Ovaries

Female reproductive system, produces estrogen

Blood vessels

Circulatory system, transports blood throughout the body

Heart

Circulatory system, pumps blood throughout the body

Vagina

Female reproductive system, allows for sexual intercourse

Uterus

Female reproductive system, allows for implantation and fetal growth

Penis

Male reproductive system, allows for reproduction

Prostate gland

Male reproductive system, transports and expels sperm

Lungs

Respiratory system, exchanges gas in the body

Trachea

Respiratory system, transports air to and from lungs

Larynx

Respiratory system, airway protection

Pharynx

Respiratory system, airway passage

Nose

Respiratory system, air filtration

Spleen

Lymphatic system, stores and filters blood

Lymphatic vessels

Lymphatic system, supports immune system

Lymph nodes

Lymphatic system, filters foreign substances

Thymus

Endocrine system and lymphatic system, T-cell maturation

Pituitary gland

Endocrine system, produces and releases hormones

Ganglia

Nervous system, provides motor control

Nerves

Nervous system, receives sensory information

Spinal cord

Nervous system, sends signals from the brain to muscles

Kidneys

Urinary system, filter blood

Ureters

Urinary system, transports urine from kidneys to bladder

Urinary bladder

Urinary system, stores urine

Urethra

Urinary system, excretes urine

Tongue

Digestive system, taste perception

Esophagus

Digestive system, transports food from pharynx to stomach

Stomach

Digestive system, stores and mixes food for digestion

Small intestine

Digestive system, absorption of nutrients

Large intestine

Digestive system, absorption of water and electrolytes

Liver

Digestive system, removes toxins from the blood

Gallbladder

Digestive system, stores and concentrates bile