History Module 24

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Goals of Civil Right movement

Goal was to end segregation and give equal rights to African Americans,

Sclc (Southern Christians Leadership Conference)

a civil rights organization founded in 1957 to mobilize nonviolent protests against racial segregation and discrimination. Led by MLK

Mlk

Was a leader who used nonviolent resistance to fight for civil rights and justice.

Plessy vs Ferguson

This case allowed segregation by saying “separate but equal” was legal.

Brown v. Board of Education

This case ended school segregation by ruling it unconstitutional.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

A protest against racial segregation on public buses in Montgomery, Alabama, sparked by Rosa Parks' arrest in 1955. It led to a Supreme Court ruling that bus segregation was unconstitutional.

Rosa Parks

Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat, starting the bus boycott.

Ku Klux Klan

The KKK used violence to try to stop civil rights progress.

Selma to Montgomery Marches:

These marches pushed for voting rights and led to new laws.

Little Rock Nine:

Nine Black students integrated a high school with federal protection.

MLK vs Malcolm X:

MLK believed in peaceful protest while Malcolm X supported more forceful action.

Freedom Riders

Freedom Riders rode buses to challenge segregation in the South

Letter from Birmingham Jail

MLK explained why it is right to protest unjust laws.

I Have a Dream

This speech by MLK called for equality and an end to racism.

Lunch Counter Sit-ins

These were peaceful protests where Black people sat at segregated counters.

James Meredith

He became the first Black student at Ole Miss despite protests.

Birmingham (Segregation)

Birmingham was a major place of protests against segregation.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

This law banned segregation and discrimination in public places.

Ballots or Bullets

This idea from Malcolm X meant voting or fighting for rights.

Emmett Till

His murder showed the cruelty of racism in the South.

Boycotts / Economic Disturbance:

These were used to hurt businesses and force change.

Women’s Rights:

This movement fought for equal rights for women.

Roe v. Wade

This case gave women the right to choose abortion.

John F. Kennedy (JFK):

FK supported the civil rights movement and proposed new laws.

Segregation Policies & Jim Crow Laws:

These laws enforced racial separation and discrimination in the South.