Napoleon, Congress of Vienna

Waterloo

Occurring in 1815, this was the battle brought Napoleon's final defeat before exile to St. Helena. Ended Napoleon's 100 day rule.

Main goal of Congress of Vienna

Its main goal was to restore stability to Europe after Napoleon's expansion; Resulted in no major European war for about 100 years

Directory

Napoleon overthrew this in a coup and established a consulate.

Ways Napoleonic Code preserved revolutionary ideals

Religious tolerance, equal taxation, law applied uniformly to all, end of feudalism, jury trials

Concordat

Agreement that made Catholicism the official religion of France; Allowed the government to appoint bishops; Allowed bishops to appoint parish priests

lycees

Government run public schools created under the rule of Napoleon

Britain

Napoleon's main rival in Europe

Russia

Napoleon's invasion of this country led to a devastating loss of troops due to the onset of winter. This mistake cost him the most troops.

Elba

Napoleon returned to power for 100 days after escaping from this island.

St. Helena

Napoleon died on this island. He was banished here after his defeat at Waterloo.

Spain

Napoleon placed his brother on the throne of this country. Guerrilla fighters resisted the French.

Battle of Trafalgar

The British navy defeated France in this battle. Ended any French hope to invade Britain. British Admiral Nelson was killed by a sniper during the battle.

Battle of Leipzig

Napoleon was banished to Elba after defeat in this battle. His generals surrendered to the enemy, despite Napoleon's desire to fight.

Louisiana Territory

Napoleon used money from the sale of this land to finance his conquest of Europe. He also hoped that by adding to America's territory, he would assure American power and harm Britain.

Metternich

Leading statesman at the Congress of Vienna

Admiral Nelson

British admiral; defeated Napoleon's navy in Egypt and was killed during the Battle of Trafalgar (1805)

Scorched Earth Policy

Burning live stock and crops to prevent the enemy from living off the land. Used by Russia when the French invaded.

Continental System

Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain's economy. Reasons it was ineffective: Many nations in Euorpe did not honor it and smuggled goods. Britain created a counter-blockade that weakened France and also sought trade more trade with the Americas.

First Consul

Napoleon named this after ousting the Directory; remained this until proclaiming himself emperor; first of three consuls

Emperor

Title Napoleon assumed in 1804; During coronation ceremony. placed the crown on his own head, signifying that he was more powerful than even the Pope.

St. Domingue (Haiti)

Napoleon unsuccessfully sent large army to Haiti to subdue a slave rebellion, French forces decimated by disease

Events in and near Moscow after Russian invasion

Russians burned Moscow before the French entered the city; French waited 5 weeks for Russian surrender that never came; Strong winter hit early and French retreated

Battle of Borodino

Napoleon's victory in Russia which opened up routes to Moscow. Moscow was burned by the Russians

Goals of Congress of Vienna

Keep France in tact as a sovereign nation with all of its overseas colonies; Stregthen the countries around France to prevent French aggression; Restored monarchs to power in Europe; Maintain a balance of power in Europe

Ways Napoleonic Code did NOT reflect revolutionary ideals

Discrimination against women (could not own or sell property, have a bank account); slavery restored to colonies, censorship of press and speech

Napoleonic Code

A comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon