Prison Design, Classification, and Inmate Dynamics

Physical design

Influences inmate behavior and overall prison safety.

Factors in prison construction

Includes budget, needs, security, and legal requirements.

Bastille Prison

Fortress-like structure influencing later penitentiary designs.

Eastern State Penitentiary

Radial design promoting solitary confinement for rehabilitation.

Auburn prison

Tier design emphasizing silence and congregate labor.

Panopticon

Central tower design allowing constant inmate surveillance.

Direct supervision design

Officers interact with inmates in an open setting.

Minimum security prison

Low supervision and greater freedom for inmates.

Medium security prison

Moderate restrictions and supervision for inmates.

Maximum security prison

High security with tighter controls and restrictions.

Supermax prison

Highest security for the most dangerous inmates.

Pod

Small housing unit for group inmate living.

Inmates with disabilities

Require specialized care and accessible facilities.

Newer security designs

Enhanced surveillance and efficient layouts for control.

Perimeter security

Includes fencing and patrols to prevent escapes.

External security features

Lights, alarms, and razor wire deter escape attempts.

Internal security features

Cameras and guards control movement within prisons.

Blind spots

Areas lacking surveillance, increasing incident risks.

Support facilities

Include medical and educational areas within prisons.

Prison technology

Enhances security and inmate monitoring capabilities.

Classification of inmates

Assigns custody levels based on risk and needs.

Machonochi and Crofton

Developed rehabilitation-focused inmate classification systems.

Goals of classification

Ensure safety and reduce recidivism through rehabilitation.

Internal vs. external classification

Placement within prison vs. security level assignment.

Elements of classification

Includes risk assessment and criminal history evaluation.

Purpose of re-classification

Adjust inmate status based on behavior changes.

Custody level

Individual inmate control and monitoring classification.

Security level

Facility's overall risk classification system.

Morris Rule

Guidelines for inmate classification based on behavior.

Classification team

Group evaluating inmates for custody level assignment.

Housing options

Types of inmate accommodations with varied goals.

Screening process

Evaluating inmates for appropriate program assignments.

Prison subculture

Inmate-developed social norms opposing mainstream society.

Inmate code

Unwritten rules emphasizing loyalty and respect among inmates.

Snitching

Informing authorities about fellow inmates' actions.

Punk

Weak inmate viewed as a target for exploitation.

Convict

Defiant inmate resisting authority and prison codes.

Convict boss

Influential inmate with power in prison hierarchy.

Mule

Inmate smuggling contraband into or out of prison.

Hustle

Schemes for gaining money or influence in prison.

Hogging

Monopolizing resources or privileges within the prison.

Inmate-staff relationship

Symbolic dynamics affecting power and behavior in prison.

Prison Rape Elimination Act

Law preventing sexual violence in prisons.

Prisonization

Adoption of prison values and norms by inmates.

Officer's code

Unwritten rules guiding correctional officer behavior.

Prison gangs

Groups formed around shared interests, influencing dynamics.

Gang management

Surveillance and intervention to reduce gang influence.

Female incarceration trends

Increasing rates of female offenders in recent decades.

Profile of female inmates

Younger women facing trauma and substance abuse issues.

1800s imprisonment of women

Separate facilities focusing on punishment over rehabilitation.

Female reformatories

Institutions for women emphasizing rehabilitation and moral reform.

Unique issues for female inmates

Challenges like family separation and lack of services.

Female inmate subculture

Less hierarchical, emphasizing emotional support among inmates.

Inmate-mothers' difficulties

Challenges with custody and family ties during incarceration.

Elizabeth Fry

Reformer advocating humane treatment for female prisoners.

Glover v. Johnson

Case ensuring healthcare for female inmates' reproductive needs.

Treatment programs for females

Address trauma and substance abuse in women.

Offenders with special needs

Individuals with physical or mental disabilities.

Medical screening timing

Occurs during intake at correctional facilities.

Tailored programs for special needs

Essential for rehabilitation and societal integration.

Universal design of prisons

Accommodates all inmates' diverse needs.

Victimization concerns for special needs inmates

Higher abuse risk; mitigated by supervision and training.

Greyhounds

Inmates nearing release after long sentences.

Ruiz v. Estelle case importance

Led to significant prison reform and better conditions.

Problems faced by special needs inmates

Inadequate medical care and housing challenges.

Malingering definition

Exaggeration of symptoms for personal gain.

Impact of institutionalization on mentally ill

Exacerbates issues and increases isolation.

Sex offenders' management challenges

Requires special treatment and safety measures.

Therapeutic community

Supportive environment for group rehabilitation.

HIV/AIDS-infected inmates' challenges

Stigma and access to medical care issues.

Staff safety with infectious inmates

Training and protective equipment are essential.

Legal liabilities for healthcare failures

Lawsuits for inadequate inmate healthcare provisions.

Medical care challenges in prisons

Limited resources and specialized care needs.

LGBTI inmates' management challenges

Face discrimination and violence in institutions.

Elderly inmates' classification

Require special housing and medical considerations.

Crimes committed by elderly inmates

Typically theft, drug offenses, or violent crimes.

Vulnerability to victimization

Elderly, mentally ill, and disabled inmates are at risk.

Factors increasing elderly inmate rates

Longer sentences and aging population trends.

Punks definition

Vulnerable inmates exploited for sexual manipulation.

greyhounds

are older, long-serving inmates nearing release