Motor Skill Acquisition FOR

motor control

regulate or direct the mechanisms essential to movement

motor learning

study of movement associated with the practice, experience, motivation, reinforcement, motor skills, and developmental progress that lead to relatively permanent change in children’s capabilities for skilled action

motor development

study of how motor behavior changes over the life span

motor performance emerges from the interaction of person, environment, and task

How does the Dynamic Systems theory relate to motor skill acquisition?

• decrease degrees of freedom of the movement (provide support)

• creat perturbations (upgrade/downgrade)

• engage the child in whole tasks

• alter variability of the task

• foster problem solving

• facilitate engagement in meaningful tasks

How can we intervene using the motor skill acquisition FOR?

1) cognitive

2) associative

3) autonomous

3 stages of motor development

cognitive

stage of motor development:

• development of motor skills, errors (skill acquisition)

• repetitive practice of different strategies

• ineffective, inconsistent

associative

stage of motor development:

• skill refinement

• increase effective and consistent strategies

• decrease in errors

autonomous

stage of motor development:

• efficient movement established

• generalization of movement

stationary

closed

while moving

open

discrete

task has a beginning and an end

continuous

task is ongoing

massed practice

practice that works well for those in the cognitive stage

• period of performing the movement is greater than the rest period

distributed practice

practice that works well for those in the associative stage

• rest period between trials is greater than the time of the trial

random practice

practice that works well for those in the autonomous stage

• practice with slight changes to ask

intrinsic feedback

feedback that comes from the child - not relying on the therapist’s feedback

• knowing how you did overall

• ex. you tied your shoe 3 times today

What is meant by knowledge of results?

• feedback on a specific part of a task

• ex. i like how you crossed this lace over that one

What is meant by knowledge of performance?