Chapter 6 pt 1, chapter 7 pt1

Long bone

• length greater than width

  • ex humerus

irregular bone

• doesn’t fit other classification of a bone

flat bone

what kind of bone is this?

short bone

• same length and width

• cube shaped

sesamoid bone

small round bone that is embedded in a tendon or muscle

Projections

• part of bone that extends outward from main structure

• muscle/ligament/tendon attachment

articular surfaces

when two bones join together (like joints)

depression and openings

passage ways

• hollow in a bone

sutures

• fused bones together

• dense regular ct

• protection

cranial bone

• encloses brain

• attachment site for head and neck muscles

facial bones

• form framework of face and contains cavities for special senses (taste,smell,hear)

• provide openings for food and air

• anchor facial muscle

frontal bone

Parietal bone

temporal bones

occipital bone

Occipital condyles

two knobs on occipital bone that connects skull to first vertebra

sphenoid bone

ethmoid bone

perpendicular plate

• forms nasal septum (divides nasal cavity to left/right path)

mandible

maxillae bones

zygomatic bones

Nasal bone

vomer

lacrimal bones

palatine bones

inferior nasal conchae

Nasal septum

divides Right and left nasal cavity

Palatine and maxilla bone

Whats in the oral cavities’ hard palate?

mucous membrane

whats in the oral cavities’ soft palate?

paranasal sinuses

• Air filled spaces

• Location: Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxillary bone

• Function:

  • Warm and humidify air taken in

  • Lighten skull (if bones didn’t have air filled space, it would get too heavy)

  • Enhance resonance of voice

Vertebral column

• Supports weight of trunk

• Protect spinal cord

• Ribs and muscle attachment

Cervical

1. 7 vertebrae

2. Secondary curvature: not born with this, develops later in life

   1. Develops 6 months of age, cannot not hold up head before.

Thoracic

• 12 vertebrae 

• primary curvature: born with this curvature

Lumbar

• 5 vertebrae

• secondary curvature: develop around 1 year of age (start of walking)

Pelvic

• sacrum and coccyx

• primary curvature

Scoliosis

• abnormal lateral curvature

lordosis

1. Exaggerated cervical or lumbar curvature

2. Happens when a lot of weight is pushed on vertebral

   1. Ex. pregnancy

kyphosis

1. Exaggerated thoracic curvature

   1. Ex. hunch back

Vertebral foramen

opening/hole where spinal cord passes through

annulus fibrosis

Acts like a barrier to keep inner part in

nucleus pulposus

absorbs any shock/stress

Atlas cervical vertebra

• No vertebrae body

• No spinous process

• Still contains transverse foramen

• Allows us to shake out head yes

Axis cervical vertebra

allows us to shake our head no

thoracic vertebrae

lumbar vertebrae

coccyx

vertebrosternal

connects to vertebrae and sternum

vertebrochondral

connects to vertebrae, dont connect to sternum

squamous suture

connects to temporal bone

sagittal suture

connects and left and right parietal bone

coronal suture

connects parietal bones with frontal bone

lambdoid suture

connects parietal bones to occipital bone

sella turcica 

• Depression in the center of the bone for the pituitary gland to sit inside of it.