Science sound waves test

Energy Wave

disturbances that transfer energy through space or a medium (like water, air, or fields) without permanently moving the matter itself

• Sound

vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heard when they reach a person's or animal's ear.

Vibrations

rhythmic, oscillatory movements around an equilibrium point

Speaker

a transducer that converts electrical energy into audible sound energy by vibrating a diaphragm, typically using magnetic forces (voice coil moving in a magnetic field) or electrostatic forces, to create pressure waves in the air that we perceive as sound

Electromagnetic Force

a fundamental interaction between electrically charged particles, combining electric and magnetic forces, responsible for everything from atoms to electronics

Crest

the highest point of a surface wave

Trough

the lowest point or valley in a wave (like water or sound), opposite a crest, representing minimum displacement

Wavelength 

the distance between two consecutive, identical points on a wave

Amplitude

the maximum displacement or intensity of a wave (like sound, light, or water) from its central, resting (equilibrium) position

Frequency

the number of times a repeating event occurs per unit of time,

Rest line

the equilibrium position or rest position in waves, the undisturbed baseline where a medium settles (like calm water), around which waves oscillate, showing zero displacement

Pitch

the perceived highness or lowness of a sound, directly determined by the frequency of its sound waves

Echolocation

a biological process used by animals like bats and dolphins to locate objects by emitting sounds and interpreting the echoes that bounce back

Volume

the amount of three-dimensional space an object or substance occupies

Compression Wave

a type of longitudinal wave where the particles in the medium move back and forth in the same direction as the wave's travel

Wave speed

the rate at which a wave travels through a medium, defined as the distance a wave crest travels divided by the time it takes

Medium

the substance or material (solid, liquid, gas, or even vacuum) through which energy, waves (like sound or light), or forces travel, acting as a carrier to transfer energy from one point to another

• Thunder
  

the powerful sound produced by the rapid expansion and contraction of super heated air from a lightning flash, creating an acoustic shock wave that we hear as cracks and rumbles as the air vibrates and echoes

Waves transfer (what) through a medium or empty space.

energy

A section of a sound wave where the particles are crowded together is called a

compression

 A substance through which a wave can travel is a

medium.

How does a speaker work? Refer to the diagram below.

One of the speaker's magnets is a permanent magnet (meaning that it is always magnetized) and the other is an electromagnet meaning it needs electricity to run through it to work.

When an electrical signal is sent to the speaker, it creates a fluctuating magnetic field that pushes and pulls the coil, (push and pull force) causing it to move back and forth with the attached speaker cone. 

The cone vibrates and causes air molecules to collide with each other

transferring energy like a domino effect, until it reaches our ears.

. When you increase the frequency of a transverse wave,

Wavelength will decrease 

What can these waves travel through?

 Solids   Liquids   Gases

Explain how bats locate their insect prey with low and high frequency sound waves. Use the word Echolocation.

Using a process called echolocation, bats emit high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that bounce off objects in the environment, and then interpret the returning echoes to determine the location, size, and shape of its prey.

A (blank) ruler vibrates more slowly, so has a lower frequency. A shorter ruler vibrates more quickly so has a (blank) frequency.

longer, higher