RESEARCH DESIGN

Research design

structured framework that outlines how a research project will be conducted, including how data will be collected, measured, and analyzed.

Research design

It ensures that the research question is answered effectively and efficiently.

provides a systematic approach

Importance of Research design (1)

minimizes bias

Importance of Research design (2)

ensures accuracy

Importance of Research design (3)

allows for replicability

Importance of Research design (4)

enhancing the credibility of research findings

Importance of Research design (5)

• descriptive

• experimental

• correlational

• quantitative

• qualitative

Types of Research design (5)

Specific, measurable, achievable

How do you formulate research questions? (3)

determining data to collect and focusing on research

Effective questions can help how? (2)

Literature review

necessary to understand existing research related to the topic.

Literature review

It helps identify gaps in knowledge, refine research questions, and position the new study within the academic context.

Defining Hypothesis

Hypothesis

state the expected relationship between variables and help guide the research methodology.

Qualitative research

focuses on understanding concepts, thoughts, or experiences through interviews and observations.

Quantitative research

involves numerical data that can be quantified and subjected to statistical analysis. Choosing the appropriate method is crucial based on the research question

Sampling techniques

Involve selecting a subset of a population to infer conclusions about the whole.

• Random sampling

• Stratified sampling

• Convenience sampling

Common techniques of sampling that impacts the validity and reliability of the research findings. (3)

Qualitative data

involves thematic analysis, coding, and narrative analysis to interpret patterns and meanings in textual or visual data.

Qualitative data

This process helps identify themes, make sense of complex data, and draw conclusions that answer the research questions.

Quantitative data

employs statistical methods to test hypotheses and evaluate relationships among variables.

• Descriptive statistics

• Inferential statistics

• Multivariate analysis

techniques used to draw conclusions from numerical data and validate the research findings. (3)

Interpreting results

involves looking at data findings in the context of the hypotheses, research questions, and existing literature.

Interpreting results

Important to understand the implications of the results, any limitations, and how they contribute to the body of knowledge in the field

Informed consent

ensures participants understand the research, including its purpose, duration, risks, and benefits.

Informed consent

obtain consent voluntarily and provide participants the right to withdraw at any time, ensuring ethical standards are upheld throughout the research process.

Confidentiality

protects participants' identities and personal information.

Confidentiality

requires data to be anonymized or pseudonymized to prevent unauthorized access and maintain trust between researchers and participants.

Responsibility

conduct ethical research, protect participants from harm, report findings truthfully, and respect intellectual property.

Research design

encompasses various steps, including identifying problems, selecting methodologies, and ensuring ethical standards.

Research design

the reliability and validity of study outcomes, contributing valuable insights and knowledge