Displaying and Describing Categorical Data

Flashcards covering key vocabulary for displaying and describing categorical data, including types of charts, tables, and data analysis terms.

Exploratory Data Analysis

The process of drawing a picture of collected information to identify patterns, trends, or unusual observations.

Frequency Table

An organized display of data showing category names and their corresponding counts (frequency).

Proportions (Relative Frequencies)

Calculations that provide a better understanding of the distribution of a categorical variable, representing the frequency of a category relative to the total.

Distribution

Information that tells us what values a variable can take and how often (frequency) it takes those values.

Bar Chart

A graph for categorical data where category names/labels are on one axis and frequency or relative frequency is on the other axis.

Pie Chart

A circular graph where the entire data set is represented by the circle, and sections (slices) represent the percentages of each category.

Contingency Table

A display for two categorical variables, with categories of one variable in rows and the other in columns, where cells contain the frequency of cases for certain outcomes of both variables.

Marginal Distributions

Frequency distributions found in the margins of a contingency table, representing the totals for the values of each individual variable.

Joint Frequencies

The cell frequencies within a contingency table, representing the combined occurrences of two variables together.

Joint Proportions (Relative Frequencies)

Calculated by dividing each cell frequency in a contingency table by the total for the entire table.

Conditional Proportions

Calculated by dividing a cell frequency by the total of a specific category, where that category becomes the denominator.