Fundamentals of Nursing Review

These flashcards cover vital concepts in nursing fundamentals, including the nursing process, infection control, hand hygiene, pain management, and the stages of grief.

What is the first step of the nursing process?

Assessment, which involves critical thinking and data collection.

What should be done when the apical pulse is irregular?

Assess the apical pulse for one full minute.

What temperature measurement technique should be used after a patient drinks something cold?

Wait 30 minutes to assess oral temperature.

What are the five sequential steps of the nursing process?

Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation.

What does a nursing diagnosis provide for the nurse?

It provides the basis for selecting nursing interventions to achieve outcomes for which the nurse is accountable.

What should be included in the assessment of lung sounds?

Rales, rhonchi, stridor, and wheezing.

What is the proper technique for performing hand hygiene?

Rub all surfaces of the hands with an alcohol rub for at least 20-30 seconds.

What is required when caring for a patient with tuberculosis?

Implement airborne precautions, including wearing an N95 respirator.

What should be done before and after interactions with a patient?

Perform hand hygiene.

What is the rationale for cleaning under nails during handwashing?

Proper hand hygiene involves cleaning all surfaces of the hands, including under the nails.

What is the proper order for donning PPE?

Hand hygiene, put on gown, put on mask, put on eye protection, put on gloves.

In what stage of grief does the client refuse to believe or understand a loss?

Denial.

What is the best measure of pain?

Self-report of pain.

What are the changes observed in acute pain compared to chronic pain?

Acute pain shows vital sign changes, while chronic pain typically does not.

What is a key factor in proper implementation of nursing care?

Reassessing the patient and anticipating potential complications.