Human Development Exam 3 Practice Questions

Which of the following is a health risk associated with childhood obesity?

Risk of high blood pressure

How does physical activity benefit the cognitive development of children?

It improves memory and concentration

In which type of bullying are rumors and exclusion often used as tactics?

Social bullying

Which of the following is a potential risk for victims of bullying?

Lower academic achievement

Which type of reasoning is based on observing specific examples and drawing a general conclusion?

Inductive reasoning

Which type of reasoning starts with a general principle and draws a conclusion about a specific instance?

Deductive reasoning

Which type of speech disorder is characterized by interruptions in the smooth flow of speech?

Stuttering

What is Charles Spearman known for in psychology?

Developing the theory of general intelligence

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, which component involves developing new ideas or concepts?

Creative intelligence

Which of the following is an example of practical intelligence according to Sternberg's triarchic theory?

Determining which route is the fastest way to get to work

What is the definition of validity in psychology?

The degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure

Which of the following statements is correct regarding reliability?

Reliability concerns the consistency or stability of the scores that are obtained from some sort of measurement

What is a skewed distribution?

A distribution that has a longer tail on one side than the other

What is the main difference between aptitude tests and achievement tests?

Aptitude tests measure potential, while achievement tests measure knowledge already acquired.

What learning disability affects a person's ability to read accurately and fluently?

Dyslexia

What is self-efficacy?

A belief in one's own abilities

Which of the following is a characteristic of Selman's fourth stage of friendship?

Recognition of others' perspectives

At which stage of Kohlberg's theory of morality does a person begin to consider societal laws and regulations?

Conventional stage

According to Kohlberg's theory of morality, which stage involves a person following universal ethical principles, even if they conflict with societal laws?

Post-conventional stage

In the context of psychology, a self-fulfilling prophecy is a belief that:

Leads to its own fulfillment

Which of the following scenarios is an example of a self-fulfilling prophecy?

A person who believes they are not good at public speaking and avoids opportunities to speak in public

What is the average IQ score?

100

Which of the following is a primary sexual characteristic?

Menstruation

What is the main difference between menarche and spermarche?

Menarche refers to the first occurrence of menstruation in females, while spermarche refers to the first occurrence of ejaculation in males.

Which term refers to individuals whose gender identity matches the sex they were assigned at birth?

Cisgender

What is the main difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?

Inductive reasoning uses premises to develop a conclusion, whereas deductive reasoning uses evidence

What is puberty?

The time period where an individual begins to develop sexual characteristics

Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of emerging adulthood?

A desire for independence

According to Arnett's theory of emerging adulthood, what is the age range for this developmental period?

21-25

What is the term for the belief among adolescents that their experiences are unique and exceptional, leading them to feel invincible and immune to consequences?

Personal fable

Which of the following is a characteristic of adolescent egocentrism?

Increased belief in personal uniqueness

What is the primary function of the limbic system in human development?

Memory processing 

What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in human development?

It modulates emotional responses

Which of the following is a function of oxytocin release in the brain?

Promotion of trust and social bonding

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the principle of transitivity?

If Mike is taller than Sarah, and Sarah is taller than John, then Mike is taller than John.

During the psychological moratorium, individuals may engage in behaviors that are considered risky or unconventional because:

They are trying to establish their identity

Which of the following best describes retention rate?

The rate at which existing employees leave

Which of the following statements is true regarding the status dropout rate?

It is influenced by a variety of factors including academic, economic, and social factors

According to Erikson, what is the primary task of adolescence?

Developing a sense of identity

Which of the following best describes the identity foreclosure stage in Marcia's theory?

The individual has not yet experienced a crisis or explored various options, but has committed to an identity based on the expectations of others

Which of the following options defines mere exposure?

The process of repetitively presenting a stimulus to increase liking for it

Which of the following best defines self-disclosure?

A conscious act of sharing personal information with another person

In Kinsey’s Model, which stage is marked by the return of the body to its unaroused state?

Resolution

In a high school, a group of twelve students spends most of their time together and rarely interacts with others outside the group. This is an example of a:

Clique

What is deviant peer contagion?

The spread of deviant behavior through association with delinquent peers

Which eating disorder is associated with a distorted body image and an intense fear of gaining weight?

Anorexia nervosa

According to the American Psychological Association, sexual orientation refers to:

An individual's sexual and romantic attraction to others

Which term describes individuals who are attracted to people of multiple genders?

Bisexual

Which of the following terms refers to the assumption that heterosexuality is the norm and reinforces other gender and sexuality norms?

Heteronormativity

Which component of Sternberg’s theory refers to the motivational drive for physical closeness, romance, and sexual interaction?

Passion

What is postformal thought in adolescence?

The ability to think abstractly and understand the complexities of the world

NEET is typically used to describe individuals who are

Neither employed nor seeking work, but engaged in some form of education or training

People who score high on which personality trait tend to be curious, creative, and open-minded?

Openness

What is the term for the practice of marrying someone from within one's own family or social group?

Endogamy

Which marriage style involves choosing a partner based on common values, interests, and goals?

Homogamy

In Phinney's Model of Ethnic Identity Formation, which of the following best describes the stage of Unexamined Ethnic Identity?

An individual has a vague sense of belonging to their ethnic group, but has not yet explored what it means to them.

According to Phinney's Model of Ethnic Identity Formation, what is the purpose of the Ethnic Identity Search stage?

To reaffirm one's ethnic identity through active exploration and evaluation of cultural values and beliefs.