AP human geo vocab unit 2

Demographics

The study of population characteristics (age, gender, income)

Carrying Capacity

The number of people an area can support without running out of resources

Ecumene

Land where people have made permanent homes

Infant mortality rate

Number of babies who die per 1000 births

Dependency rate

The percent of people who depend on others (under 15 or over 65)

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Number of deaths per 1000 people in a year

Crude death rate (CDR)

Number of deaths per 1000 people in a year

Life expectancy at birth

Average number of years a newborn is expected to live

Natural increase rate (NIR)

Birth rate minus death rate (does NOT include migration)

J curve

Population growth that rises quickly like the letter J

S curve

Population growth that rises then levels off looks like letter S

Zero population growth (ZPG)

When births equal deaths so population stays the same

Total fertility rate (TFR)

Average number of babies, a woman will have in her lifetime

Megalopolis

A big region of connected cities

One child policy

Chinas rule that families could only have one child

Population pyramids

A graph showing age and gender in a population

Eugenics

The idea of controlling who can have kids to improve society

Thomas Malthus

Believe population would grow faster than food supply equals disaster

Ester Boserup

Believe humans will find ways to grow more food as needed

Accommodate

To adjust or make room for something

Degenerative

Breaking down or getting worse overtime

Eradicate

To completely get rid of something

Exceed

To go over a limit

Inference

A conclusion you make based on evidence

Infrastructure

Basic systems like roads, power, water, etc.

Maladapted

Poorly suited or not helpful in a situation

Prenatal/postnatal (natal)

Prenatal equals before birth and postnatal equals after birth

Projected

Predicted or expected in the future

Prosperity

Wealth or success

Proximity

Nearness or closeness

Recede

To move back or decrease

Recreation

Fun or relaxing activities

Stable

Not changing much steady

Stagnate

To stop growing or moving

Unintended

Not planned