Adv Chem - Acid Base Equilibrium
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49 Terms
Arrhenius definition of acids
Acids react with water to form H3O+
Strong acid
An acid that completely dissociates in water
Strong acid
HCl (strong or weak)
Strong acid
HClO4
Strong acid
HClO3 (strong or weak)
Strong acid
HBr
Strong acid
HI
Strong acid
H2SO4 (strong/weak)
Strong acid
HNO3 (strong or weak)
Weak acid
An acid that partially ionizes in water
Monoprotic
An acid that can donate one proton
Monoprotic acid
HCl
Monoprotic acid
HNO3
Polyprotic
An acid that can donate more than one proton
Polyprotic acid
H2SO4
Polyprotic acid
H3PO4
Arrhenius definition of bases
Base solutions reacts with water to produce OH-
Strong bases
A base that is soluble in water and completely disassociates in water
Strong base
NaOH
Strong base
KOH
Weak base
A base that partially dissociates in water
Weak base
NH3
Weak base
NaHCO3
Weak base
NaCO3
Problems with Arrhenius definition
- limited to aq solutions
- doesn't classify chemicals that sometimes act as acid, sometimes act as base
Bronsted Lowry
Acids: Proton (H+) Donors
Bases: Proton (H+) Acceptors
On the right side with the products
Where are conjugate acid/base placed in an equation?
Amphiprotic
A species that can either accept or donate a proton and can act either as an acid or a base
Titration
A chemical technique used to determine the concentration of a solution
Indicator
A chemical compound used to signal the end of a titration
End point
The point in a titration at which an indicator changes color
Equivalence point
The point in a titration where the number of moles of hydrogen (H+) ions equals the number of moles of hydroxide (OH-) ions
Buffers
Solutions that resist change in pH
Strong acid that dissociates more in water
High Ka:
weak acid
Low Ka:
pH
The measure of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of a solution
pOH
The measure of the OH- concentration in a solution
pH equation
-log[H+]
pOH equation
-log[OH-]
14
Basic on pH scale
1
Acidic on pH scale
7
Neutral on pH scale
Weak conjugate
A strong acid/base (type of conjugate)
Weak conjugate
weak acid/base (type of conjugate)
Strong conjugate
Feeble acid/base (type of conjugate)
14
pH + pOH =
1.00*10^-14
Kw constant
[H3O+][OH-]
Kw factors
By mixing the salt that contains the conjugate base/acid of the weak acid/base
How are buffers created?
Note 
Flashcards (40)