Guidance, information processing model and feedback

Verbal guidance advantages

useful for higher level
good way to highlight key teaching parts
can be given during a performance

Verbal guidance disadvantages

can lead to information overload - performer can either get distracted or confused
Not useful for complex skills

Visual guidance advantages

- Creates a mental image that can be used as reference for future practise
- Shown from different angles
- Useful for beginners
- Creates a mental image

Visual guidance disadvantages

- Needs to be completely accurate
- Time consuming
- Doesn't add to muscle memory
- not useful for complex skills

Manual guidance advantages

- Helps to eliminate danger
- Builds confidence
- Fear and anxiety reduced
- Breaks movement up into sections
- get the feel for things

Manual guidance disadvantages

- Can have a negative effect on performance if overused
- Too much reliance on support can reduce adaptability to different environments
- Can interfere with the feel of the task
- Close proximity can be off-putting

Mechanical guidance advantages

- Builds confidence and ensures safety
- complex skills

Mechanical guidance disadvantages

• A learner might be unable to perform the skill without the help of the equipment
• Difficult to use in large groups

Intrinsic Feedback

Information received by the athlete as a direct result of producing a movement through the kinesthetic senses- e.g. feeling from muscles, joints, and balance.

Extrinsic feedback

Received from outside of the performer, eg from a coach.

Knowledge of performance

Feedback that provides information about the quality of the movement during exercise, PB in a race

Knowledge of results

Refers to results, winnning

Positive feedback

Focuses on what you did well

negetive feedback

focuses on what to improve

Input

Recieving information through the senses, selective attention

Decision making

How you decide to respond to the input. compare to past experiences

Output

Muscles react and perform

Feedback

After the output feedback is received about how well the action had been performed