Comptia ITF+ Complete Exam with complete accurate questions and answers ( 2025-2026 latest release )

Computer

a system that manipulates data according to a set of instructions

APPLICATIONS

such as word processors, spreadsheet programs, and payroll programs

PERIPHERAL DEVICES

mouse, keyboard, monitor, speaker, microphone, printer, etc.

OPERATING SYSTEM

instructions that a computer follows come from software. A basic software environment is established by the computer's (OS)

RAM

Random access memory which converts a series of instructions

CPU:

Central Processing Unit that receives each instruction or data file from memory and processes it

STORAGE

data written into different types of storage devices like a hard drive or optical discs

MAINFRAME

a large high speed workstation and the primary memory of a computer

WORKSTATION

a type of pc housed in a case that can sit on or under a desk

MOTHERBOARD

where the pc's components are attached to and contained within a computer's case

SERVER

any computer providing services to other computers, implies a powerful computer that supports a number of users simultaneously in a computer network

FAULT TOLERANT

in order for a server to be reliable it needs to starting specifying high quality components and also by using extra copies of components for redundancy

POWER SOURCE

portable computers can be run from internal battery packs as well as from building power

NETWORKING

portable computers use wireless radio technologies to connect to networks rather than cabled connections

INTERNET OF THINGS (OIT) DEVICES

refers to a world in which many different types of things are embedded with processing and networking functionality

OEM

pc and laptop companies producing these are referred to this because rather than making each component that goes into a pc, they source components such as cpu's and RAM modules from manufactures and put them together as a branded PC system. Original Equipment Manufacture.

MEDICAL DEVICES

represents another class of devices where use if electronics to remotely monitor and configure that appliance is expanding rapidly. Ex: cardiac monitors, defibrillators, insulin pumps

GAMING CONSOLE

have powerful cpus and graphics processors, plus Ethernet and WiFi for wired and wireless home networking and internet connectivity.

INPUT DEVICE

the computer receives data entered by the user through peripheral devices like mice, keyboards, scanners, cameras and microphones

OUTPUT DEVICE

the processed data is shown or played to the user through an output device like a monitor or loudspeaker system

ALT+F4

to close a tab

TOUCHPAD

the mouse build in to the laptop

TASKBAR

opening programs easier for your favorite or mainly used programs which is located at the bottom of the screen.

NOTIFICATION AREA

usually on the right side of the screen notifying you about what you want like an alarm or an update on a program, etc.

POST

Power-On Self-Test which starts right before the Windows loading screen pops up when you turn on the computer

RSI

Repetitive Strain Injury which occurs usually when you're working on a task or even playing games for long period of time

ERGONOMICS

a setup to easily fit the user, such as chair and a desk to make the user be comfortable and work better. Also to reduce RSI

LOCK SCREEN

Sign in screen to windows before entering

BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION

like a fingerprint verification on an iPhone or laptop to access or sign in to it.

SHORTCUT ICONS:

ease of access for programs

START MENU

manage programs and easily search different applications

KERNEL

a computer program which is the core of the OS that controls everything in the system

GUI

Graphical User Interface which helps make the computer easier to use by non-technical staff and home users

SERVER OS

Ex- Windows Server, Linux or UNIX. It's based on similar code to its workstation OS equivalent. Includes software packages to run network services and use different licensing to support more users.

COMMERICAL OS

means the user must purchase a license to install and use the OS software on a particular device.

EMBEDDED OS

a computer or appliance designed for a very specific function

BIOS

Basic Input/Output System provides industry standard firmware that operates the essential components of the PC and ensures the design of each manufacturer's motherboard is PC compatible

UEFI

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface provides support for 64-bit CPU operation at boot, a full GUI and mouse operation at boot and better boot security

VIRTUALIZATION

that multiple operating systems can be installed and run simultaneously on a single computer

WINDOWS 10

released in 2015 and is the current windows of today. Microsoft doesn't plan on making another version but instead updating its features periodically

WINDOWS 10 MOBILE

mobile device of Microsoft like Windows CE, Windows Phone 7 and 8. Failed to succeed like Windows did in the PC market

APPLE MAC OS

Apple's OS for macbooks and iMac that when it first arrived in 1984 came with GUI when IBM's PC used only command-line DOS operating system

APPLE iOS

the operating system for all Apple smartphones and tablets

LINUX

based on UNIX OS and developed as a fully open source alternative to UNIX

CHROME OS

Derived from Linux and developed by Google designed for the budget amrket

FILE EXPLORER

Windows Explorer is the file management interface for Windows used to view, create, rename and delete files on local disks, removable drives and the network

CONTROL PANEL

the location for the basic user-configurable settings for Windows and some apps via applets

MICROSOFT EDGE:

a web browser to search the internet that's preinstalled on Windows. Windows recommends to use Edge because it provides a consistent browser experience across devices like Android or iOS

Management Interface

a graphical or command-line tool used to perform some aspect of system configuration

Computer Management

console that contains a number of different administrative snap-ins

Snap-ins

each of these configures the settings for a different OS sub-system, like disk management or user management

mmc.exe

used to create custom snap-ins

Threads

parts of the program scheduled for execution by the CPU

Task manager

allows the user to shut down processes that aren't responding

Taskkill

terminating a process through task manager which is often called "killing" the process

Service

a Windows process that doesn't require any sort of user interaction and thus runs in the background (w/o a window)

Task Scheduler:

sets tasks to run at a particular time

Cron

a utility often used to run tasks or scripts at a particular time

Process

a program starts the app code executes in memory as this

System Memory

this memory is volatile, meaning that it is only preserved while the system is powered up. It's provided by RAM modules

KiloByte

(Kb) 1000 bytes ( 101010 bytes) small files

MegaByte

(Mb) 1000*1000 bytes (1,000,000 bytes) many files

GigaByte

(Gb) 100010001000 bytes (1,000,000,000 bytes) Disk capacity

TeraByte

(Tb) 1000GB (1,000,000,000,000 bytes) Individual disk units might be 1 or 2Tb usually used to describe large storage networks

PetaByte

(Pb) 1000Tb or 10^15 bytes (1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes) Largest storage networks and cloud systems would have petabytes of capacity

Decimal Notation

decimal system (base 10) is well understood and based on the principal of expressing ten different numbers using a single digit in the range 0 to 9.

Binary Notation

computers use this notation to calculate and process info. It's a numbering system where each single digit can express only two values, range 0 to 1 (base 2)

Hexadecimal Notation

enables you to express 16 different numbers using a single digit in range 0 to F. Used in programming like IP (internet protocol) networks

Intellectual Property

often the most valuable info asset that an organization owns, various different types of IP and different ways to protect them from theft

Digital Products

one that is sold or distributed as binary computer data like software, pc games, ebooks, music, tracks, streaming video, video downloads, etc

Patents

a legal protection for some kind of invention that CAN apply to an idea so long as the idea is original (or novel), useful, and distinctive or non-trival

Trademark

must be distinctive within the industry in which the company is selling goods and servies

DRM (Digital rights management)

invented to try to enforce "per-per-use" for digital products. Vendor may license the file for use on a restricted number of devices when purchasing a digital product.

PROGRAM SEQUENCE

instructions for your computer to perform

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

code that is used as basis for the apps that are used on your computing device

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

represents a machine code in human-readable text. Specific to a hardware architecture, to complied, interpreted, and query languages which you can use to write code that can be run on a number of platforms.

VARIABLES

value that can change during the execution of the program

LOOPS

similar to branches in as much as they deviate from the initial program path according to some sort of logic condition

OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING (OOP)

popular way to designing code, the idea is that creating recogniziable things within the code and making them interact through defined method makes the code and making them interact through defined methods makes the code easier to maintain and update.

SCRIPTING LANGUAGES

these languages support the automaion and configuration of a particular OS

BATCH FILES

are a collection of command-lie instructions that you store in a .CMD file

WINDOWS POWERSHELL

enables you to perform management and admin. tasks in Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016.

VBSCRIPT

provides similar functionality to Javascript, often used by networking admins to perform repetitive admin tasks.

SINGLE-PLATFORM SOFTWARE:

software programs written to run under a particular OS

CROSS-PLATFORM SOFTWARE:

software programs written to run for PCs and laptops for touched-based mobile devices and OS

CPU:

Central Processing Unit which "runs" software programs. The brain of the computer

MEMORY

When a program starts its instructions are loaded here

SSD

Solid State Drive which uses a type of transistor-based memory called flash memory and are much faster than HDDs (Hard Disk Drive)

NIC

Network Interface Card which is a wired network that provides an Ethernet port in the computer

GPU

Graphics Processing Unit that displays a high-res image to the user that requires a lot of processing power, especially if the image changes rapidly, as well as video, or used complicated 3D and texture effects like with computer games

CPU vendors such brands like Core, Pentium, Celeron, Atom, Xeon

CPU vendors such brands like Core, Pentium, Celeron, Atom, Xeon

PENTIUM

was Intel's premium 32-bit CPU brand. Used on "Mid-range" computer

AMD

CPU vendor such brands like Ryzen, Threadripper, Epyc

ALU

Arithmetic Logic Unit, the control unit decodes each instruction in turn and either executes it itself or passes it to here

CLOCK SPEED

the number of instructions it can process in one second

BUS SPEED

the interface between the CPU and system memory

AGP:

Accelerated Graphics Port, PC architecture is based on one of PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnection), PCI with AGI, or PCI Express (PCIe). Used for old graphics adapters only with a bandwidth of 2133 MBps.

DUAL-CORE

essentially two processors combined on the same die

AGP

Accelerated Graphics Port, PC architecture is based on one of PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnection), PCI with AGI, or PCI Express (PCIe). Used for old graphics adapters only with a bandwidth of 2133 MBps.

HEATSINKS

is a block of metal with fins that exposes a larger surface area to the air around the component, a greater cooling effect by convention is achieved.