Psychology uNIT 3 AOS1 HOW DOES THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ENABLE PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING?

Central nervous system

carries messages to and from PNS contains brain and spinal cord

peripheral nervous system

carries messages to and from cns, contains autonomic, somatic, parasympathetic, sympathetic and enteric nervous system.

Brain

responsible for virtually everything we think feel or do

spinal cord

connects brain and peripheral nervous system and initiates spinal reflexes.

autonomic nervous system

connects to cns to internal organs and glands/self regulating

somatic nervous system

carries messages from sensory receptors in body from cns and motor messages from cns to skeletal muscles.

Sympathetic nervous system

Prepares the body for action and causes flight of fight mode

Parasympathetic nervous system

regulating body internal system during times of arousal or calm

Enteric nervous system

Dedicated to the functioning of the gastrointestinal (digestive tract)

Conscious response

A conscious response to a sensory stimulus is a reaction that involves awarness.

Unconscious response

A Unconscious response to sensory stimulus is a reaction that doesnt involve awarness

Sensory Neuron

Nerve cells that carry messages from sensory organs, muscles and internal organ, up to central ns.

Interneuron

Make connection between neurons that rarely connect themselves. Relay messages from sensory information to motor neuron

Motor Neuron

Intiates contraction in muscles causing movement initiates contraction glands causing release of horomone

Neurons

The nervous system is made up of neurons organised in complex chains and networks that form neural pathways through which information travels.

Dendrite

receives neurotransmitter from other neurons and transmits it to soma

Axon

Trasmits neural information away from soma to axon terminal

Axon terminal

Stores and released neurotransmitter made by neuron

Myelin

Speeds up neural impulse and protects the axon from acting of other neurons

Nucleus

contains cells genetic code

soma(cell body)

contains nucleus

neurotransmitter

is a chemical substamnce produced by a neuron that carries a message to other neurons

Glutamate

The main excitatory neurotrasmitter in the cns, It makes post-synaptic neurons more likely to fire which enhances neurotrasmission

has crucial role in learning and memory

GABA

Main inhibitory neurotransmitter in CNS makes neurons less likely to fire, it normally counterbalances the excitatory activity of glutamate and vise versa.