Piaget, erikson, kohlberg

sensorimotor (piaget)

• birth - 2

• decrease reflex, increase voluntary

• imitation

• physical manipulation of objects

• object permeance

preoperational (piaget)

• 2 -7 years

• no cause and effect reasoning

• increase language

• dominated by senses

• imagination

• learn through representative thought

concrete operational (piaget)

• 7 - 11 years

• other POV

• fact correlation

• mastering facts

• logical thought

• social contract

formal operational (piaget)

• 11-15years

• true logical thought

• morals established

preconventional (kohlberg)

• before 9

• reward + punishment → self interest

• depends on self

conventional (kohlberg)

• adolescents → adulthood

• approval + disapproval → good girl/boy

• depends on others

postconventional (kohlberg)

• adults

• agree on rights and morals

• social contract

erikson infancy

• trust vs mistrust

  • outcome: faith and hope

erikson ages 1-3

• autonomy vs. shame and doubt

  • outcome: self control and will power

erikson ages 3-5

• initiative vs guilt

  • outcome: direction and purpose

erikson ages 5-13

• industry vs. interiority

  • outcome: method and competence

erikson ages 15-21

• identity vs. role confusion

  • outcome: devotion and fidelity

erikson ages 21-39

• intimacy vs. isolation

  • outcome: affiliation and love

erikson ages 40-65

• generativity vs. stagnation

  • outcome: production and care

erikson ages >65

• integrity vs dispair

  • outcome: renunciation and wisdom