IUPUI Anatomy Final Exam Yard単語カード | Quizlet

What is the major function of mitochondria?

produce ATP

The primary site of protein synthesis is the?

Ribosome

The phagocytic cells in the epidermis are?

Langerhans cells

The least common type of cartilage is?

Elastic cartilage

Which cells are found in the Epidermis?

keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, merkel cells

Large, multi-nucleated fibers are found in?

skeletal muscle

Membranes are organs formed by the combination of which tissue?

Epithelial and connective

What is the term for molecule movement across a membrane from low concentration to high concentration?

Active Transport

Recycling and changing the cell membrane is the major function of which organelle(s)?

Peroxisomes, and Golgi Apparatus

The two layers of a serous membranes are?

Visceral and Parietal

Which of the following is a part of the nucleus?

DNA and histones

A bone cell that produces new bone matrix is?

an osteoblast

Mature Cartilage Cells are termed?

chondrocytes

What cells can be found in connective tissue?

Osteocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts?

The wet membrane that covers cavities, which opens to the external surface of the body is called the?

Mucous membrane

What is correct about the simple epithelia?

The consist of a single cell layer, and they are avascular

The _______ lines the body wall within the abdominopelvic cavity?

Parietal Peritoneum

Which type of tissue is found in the capsules of organs?

Dense irregular connective tissue

Serous cells undergo which mechanism of secretion

Merocrine

Which tissue is found in the walls of arteries and around the bronchial tubes?

Elastic connective tissue

Which tissue lines the ureters and part of the urethra?

Transitional Epithelium

Cytoskeletal microtubules disassemble during which phase of mitosis?

Prophase

Which cellular organelles are responsible for lipid metabolism?

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

What occurs in mitosis?

Chromatids become chromosomes, nuclear membranes form, and chromatin threads coil and condense

Which intercellular attachment, also called "macula adherens", consists of a system and cell adhesion molecules and intercellular cement?

Desmosomes

Under high environmental temperatures and humidity,

Bodies are cooled primarily by the merocrine sweat glands

As keratinocytes are pushed towards the stratum corneum, they:

Become less viable

What is the combination of function of the sebum?

Lubricating the skin, and inhibiting the growth of bacteria on the skin?

The integument is separated from the deep fascia by the:

Hypodermis

What are the fiver layers of thick skin starting from the bottom?

Stratum Basale, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Lucidum, and Stratum Corneum

Which of the following vertebral column levels has an intervertebral disc?

Between T12 and L1, and between C7 and T1

A small, synovial fluid-filled pocket in connective tissue, which may be connected to a joint cavity is a?

Bursa

Which of the following is most unique to the knee?

menisci

Structures that connect muscle to bone are called?

Tendon

The olecranon is a part of the?

ulna

What vertebral structures can most easily be seen or felt on the ventral surface?

Body (Centrum)

The squamous structure is the boundary between which bones?

Parietal and temporal

The type of joint formed by the teeth in gums is?

A gomphosis

What are the structures of the scapula?

Spinous process, Glenoid Cavity, Spinous Fossa, and Acromion

The structure that houses the pituitary gland is found in which bone?

Sphenoid

In the ankle, the tarsal bone that articulates with both legs bones is the?

Talus

The structure of the os coxa that can be felt on the anterior of the hip is the

Anterior superior iliac spine

the patella:

Increases the contraction force of the quadriceps femoris

The cruciate ligaments attach to the ________ of the tibia?

Intercondylar Eminence

The Fibula:

Provides lateral stability to the ankle and is the lateral bone of the leg?

Ligaments inside a joint capsule are called:

intracapsular

The pectoral girdle meets the axial skeleton where:

The clavicle attaches to the manubrium

A cartilaginous joint that does not permit movement is a:

Synchondrosis

Most of the anterior surface of the scapula is formed by the

olecranon process

Which layer is found only in the skin of the palms and the soles of the feet?

Stratum Lucidum

Which integumentary layer is comprised of loose areolar connective tissue?

Papillary layer of dermis

Which are macrophage-like dendritic cells, which use receptor-mediated endocytosis to remove foreign proteins in the epidermis

Langerhans Cells

In bony tissue, which structures connect the vascular and nervous supply of the periosteum to the medullary cavity?

Perforating canals

Which structure forms the anterior border of the sella turcica?

Tuberculum Sellae

Which structure, also known as as the lateral condyle of the humerus, articulates with the radius?

Greater Tubercle

Which of the following is a clavicular structure that functions as an attachment site for a ligament?

Conoid tubercle

Which structure is located at the Y-Shaped junction of the ilium, ischium, and pubis?

Acetabulum

The triceps brachii and rectus femoris are good examples of?

Extensors

Semitendinosus is assisted in extension of the thigh by the synergist muscle:

Biceps femoris

What muscles belong to the hamstring group?

Semimebranosus, semitendinosus, and bicep femoris?

Muscles in the sural region include?

The planataris, the soleus, and the gastrocnemius

The erector spinae muscle located most lateral to the vertebral column is the:

Iliocostalis

The most superficial layer of the abdominal muscles is the:

External oblique

The powerful flexors of the thigh are the:

iliopsoas

The connective tissue surrounding a muscle fascicle is called:

Perimysium

What are the primary flexors of the wrist?

Flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, and palmaris longus

All of the muscle fibers controlled by a single motor neuron constitute a:

Motor unit

The function of the tensor fascia lata is to?

steady the trunk on the thigh by making the iliotibial tract taut

What muscles compress the abdomen?

Internal oblique, external oblique

The actions of the rhomboideus major muscle include:

The adduct and rotate the scapula downward

The muscle that can both flex and adduct the arm is the:

Pectoralis major

Which muscle found on the dorsum of the foot is found in the third layer?

Adductor Hallucis

Which muscles acts to plantar flex the foot?

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

Which hypothenar muscle originates on the pisiform bone?

Abductor digit minimi

The coronoid process of the ulna and the elbow joint capsule comprise the site of insertion for which muscles?

Brachialis

What are the functions of the teres minor muscle?

Rotates humerus laterally, helps hold the humerus in the glenoid cavity, adduction at the shoulder, and stabilizes the shoulder joint

Which muscles act to elevate the hyoid bone and steady it during swallowing and speech?

Digastric

What are the characteristics of the medial pteyrgoid muscle?

Protracts mandible, promotes side-to-side movements, and functions during mastication.

What is true about the white (Type 2) fibers?

The depend on anaerobic pathways to make ATP, they contract rapidly, they fatigue quickly, and they contain little myoglobin; this they are pale.

Which pituitary cell type secretes luteinizing hormone?

Gonadotropic cells

Respiratory activities are controlled by:

centers in the pons and the medulla oblongata

Conscious thought processes and all intellectual functions originate in the

Cerebral hemispheres

A highly specialized region of the sympathetic division that causes widespread sympathetic activation is found in the:

Adrenal Medulla

Typical sympathetic postganglionic fibers that release norepinephrine at neuroeffector junctions are classified as:

Adrenergic

The autonomic division of the nervous system directs

Processes that maintain homeostasis

Which gland is comprised if chief cells that are arranged in thick, branching cords and secrete a hormone, which raises low blood calcium levels?

Parathyroid Gland

The sympathetic division of the ANS differs from the parasympathetic division of the ANS in that:

The postglanglionic fibers of the sympathetic system are relatively longer than those of the parasympathetic system, and the sympathetic division is more divergent than is the parasympathetic system

Facial cranial nerves

5, 7, 9, 10, 11

What are the five branches of the facial nerve?

Buccal, temporal, zygomatic, and cervical, mandibular

The ventral root of the spinal nerve contains:

axons of motor neurons

Only cones are found in the:

fovea

The major somatosensory pathways include the:

posterior column pathway and spinocerebellar pathway

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

Functions as the rest and response division, conserves energy, and promotes sedentary activities

The major function of the inferior colliculi includes reflexes involved with:

the ears

To contact an oligodendrocyte, where would a microprobe have to be inserted in the nervous system?

In the CNS only

Glucocorticoid, which stabilize blood glucose levels, are secreted by the:

Zona Fasciculata, and Zona Reticulata

Which hormones are found in the neurohypophysis?

ADH and oxytocin

Which disorder reflects damage to auditory receptor cells or neural pathways?

Sensorineural deafness

What are the structures are found in the membranous labyrinth?

Utricle, and saccule

What is part of the following the vascular tunic?

Ciliary Body