Test # 2

what is the US definition of a leader?

A leader is anyone at any level responsible foe supervising PEOPLE or accomplishing a mission that involves other PEOPLE

What system do we use to measure crime in the US?

we use the uniform crime report or UCR

where would you find the UCR

at the FBI’s website

who audits the state police

FBI

what are the dark figure of crime

crimes that ARE NOT reported to the police w

What is the crime rate formula

(# of crimes REPORTED to police / population ) *100

what are the two main categories of crime

person and properties

what are violent crimes

shmuder, grape, aggravated assault, robbery

what are property crimes

larceny/ theft

burglary

motor vehicle theft

Arson

what are examples of data that is collected from measuring crimes???

• number of crimes known and number of arrests

• crime rates / 100,000 people

• % changes in crime rate overtime

• my notes are messy so there might be something missing

what is the most important tool in criminal justice

discretion

what is discretion?

the decision whether to act or not to act

what is the NIBRS

a new data standard that is similar to the UCR , but not used by all. It is more reliable and has better accuracy

what is important to remember about the circumstances of crime

the reasonableness and totality of the circumstances.

name some elements of crime

• components that makes up any particular crime

• components vary depending on the crime

• must be proven in court

KNOWINGLY. PURPOSELY, RECKLESSLY

basically who what where when why

what does MO mean

Modus operandi : particular way or method of doing something, especially one that is characteristic or well-established.

think of serial killers who have a particular way of luring and killing victims

DOES NOT EQUAL MOTIVE

what is an actor

in Nj it is a person who commits a crime or offenses

what is homocide

the killing of a human being by another

is homicide criminal

not necessarily things like capital punishment are not criminal

what is murder

UNJUSTIFYABLE causing the death of another

what is first degree murder

offender must have PURPOSELY killed the victim and PLANNED to do so in a short time in advance

what is manslaughter?

a killing in which the offender is less blame worthy

• less severe penalty

what doe Nj title 2c criminal homicide include

murder, manslaughter or death by auto

what is assault

intentionally causing fear by word or deed

what is battery

Offensive touching

what is assault and battery called in NJ

aggravated assault

simple assault

what is simple assault

a person is guilty of it if …

• ATTEMPTS to cause bodily harm to another

• negligently cause bodily injury with a deadly weapon

when is a person guilty of aggravated assault

if they ….

• attempt to cause serious bodily injury to another or causes such injury with no regard to human life

• this is worse than simple

what is grape

unlawful sexual intercourse with a female without her consent

what is grape called in NJ

sexual assault

when is an actor guilty of sexual assault

if he commits an act of sexual penetration with another with another under any of these circumstances

• victim is < 13

• 13< victim< 16

• actor is related to victim

• actor hold disciplinary power

when do many grape occur

alcohol use from one or both parties

date grape drug effect

what does a date grape drug refer to

any chemical substance used to impair consciousness in the victim and facilitate a grape

how are crimes categorized when measuring them using UCR

offenses or index crimes

offenses

is simple assault a disorderly persons offense

yes

if simple assault occurs in a fight which type of offense is it categorized as

petty disorderly persons offense

what are property crimes?

the taking of money or goods and or intentional destruction of property

what percent of all crimes committed in US are property crimes

75 percent

what age group experience more property crimes

over 65

what is burglary ?

entering another persons property with the intent to commit a felony such as larceny

what is the most serious victimization perpetrated in those living in the us

burglary

what is larceny ?

completed or attempted taking of

• cash

• property

WITHOUT attacking and threatening victim

• aka theft in NJ

what is theft

unlawful taking or disposition

when is a person guilty of theft

if he unlawfully takes moveable property of another with purpose to take

what are crimes against children

include physical abuse or sexual abuse

what is physical abuse

whereby a child suffers serious physical injury mostly by parents

what is child neglect

the chronic and repetitive failure to provide children with food, clothing, shelter, cleanliness and medical care

what is domestic violence

a pattern of behavior which involves violence or other abuse by one person in a domestic context against another like marriage or cohabitation

intimate partner violence

domestic violence by a spouse or partner in an intimate relationship against the other spouse

what is robbery

the felonious taking of property of another by violence or fear w

what is motor vehicle theft

theft of a motorized vehicle

• does not include contact with the offender

what is arson

intentionally and maliciously setting fire to buildings, wild land areas, vehicles with intent to cause damage