Studied by 13 peopleStomata
found in plants; exchange gases (carbon & oxygen), and release water
Vascular tissue
specialized tissue in plants that carries water and nutrients to the plants
Vascular plants
plants with vascular tissue
Nonvascular plants
does not have vascular tissues
Seed
plant embryo and a food supply encased in a protective covering
Cotyledons
structures that either store food or help absorb food for the tiny sporophyte
Cones
male or female reproductive structures of cycads and other gymnosperm plants
Annual
plant lives 1 year
Biannual
plant lives 2 years
Perennial
plant live many years
Blastula
a cell covered, fluid filled ball formed in early stage of animal embryo
Deuterostome
animal whose anus is formed from the blastopore of a blastula
Ectoderm
layer of cells on the outer surface of the gastula; develops into skin and nervous tissue
Endoderm
layer of cells on the inner surface of the gastrula; lining the digestive tract
Gastrula
the food tube; digestive
Mesdoderm
middle cell layer in the gastrula, between the ectoderm & the endoderm
Protostone
animal with a mouth that develops from the opening in the gastrula
Sessile
organism that is permanently attached to a surface
Acelomate
an animal with no body cavities
Anterior
head end of bilateral animals where sensory organs are often located
Bilateral symmetry
body plan in which only a single line can divide the body into two equal halves; halves equal but opposite
Dorsal
upper surface of bilaterally symmetric animals
Endoskeleton
internal skeleton or supporting framework in an animal
Exoskeleton
hard covering on the outside of some animals
Posterior
tail end of bilaterally symmetric animals
Radial symmetry
an animal's body plan that can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into roughly equal halves
Ventral
lower surface of bilaterally symmetric animals
Dermis
inner, thicker layer of skin
Epidermis
outermost layer of skin
Hair Follicle
narrow, hollow opening in the dermis
Keratin
hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails
Melanin
a pigment that gives the skin its color
Appendicular skeleton
includes the bones of the shoulders, arms, hands, hips, legs, and feet
Axial skeleton
a part of the skeleton that includes the skull and the bones that support it
Bursa
fluid
Compact bone
hard bone composed of repeating units of osteon systems
Joint
found where 2 or more bones meet
Ligament
a tough band of connective tissue that attaches one bone to another
Osteoblast
potential bone cell
Red marrow
the production site for red & white blood cells, and cell fragments that are needed for blood clotting
Spongy bone
has many holes and spaces; surrounded by compact bone
Tendon
thick band of connective tissue that connects muscles to bone
Yellow marrow
consists of stored fat; found in many bones
Cardiac muscle
heart muscle
Involuntary muscle
contracts by itself; not by conscious control
Smooth muscle
made of sheets of cells that line organs
Voluntary muscle
a muscle that contracts under conscious control
Endocrine glands
glands that release chemicals directly into the bloodstream
Negative Feedback System
type of internal feedback mechanism that generally controls adjustments to the endocrine system
Receptors
the binding sites on target cells
Autonomic Nervous System
a portion of the peripheral nervous system that carries impulses from the central nervous system to internal organs
Central Nervous System (CNS)
the central control center of the nervous system made up of the brain and spinal cord
Neuron
basic unit of structure and function in the nervous system
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
the sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
Sympathetic Nervous System
division of the autonomic nervous system that controls many the body's internal functions during times of stress;fight or flight
Note 
Flashcard (43)