Chpt. 15: Nervous System (Nervous Tissue)

what are the functions of the nervous system?

• sensation

• motor function

• integration (response to other sense)

what are the two major branches of the nervous system?

• central NS

• peripheral NS

what is the CNS? what signal does it carry?

• consists of the brain + spinal cord

• efferent motor signal

  • somatic: skeletal

  • visceral: autonomic

what is the PNS? what signal does it carry?

• spinal + cranial verves

• afferent sensory signals

  • somatic: surface

  • visceral: internal

what are the parts of a CNS nervous tissue?

what are the functions of the parts in CNS nervous tissue?

• astrocyte: regulates blood-brain barrier/environment

• microglia: phagocytes to clean environment

• oligochondrocyte: for fatty sleeve around axon, myelin sheath

• ependymal cell: produce CSF from plasma

what are the parts of PNS nervous tissue?

what are the functions of parts in the PNS nervous tissue?

• Schwann cell: cell specific to each axon

• satellite cell: similar to astrocytes of CNS (regulate blood-brain barrier)

what is a synapse?

• transmission of neurotransmitters from one neuron to another

  • contain synaptic vessels

how are neurons structurally classified?

numbers of processes that come from neuron itself

identify four types of neuron structure

what are the characteristics of each type of neuron structure?

1) multipolar: CNS, most abundant
2) bipolar: special sense, two processes
3) unipolar: PNS, one process
4) axonic: multiple axon, unknown function

what is a neuron? (definition + function)

• nerve cell

• longevity

• cannot divide

• high metabolic rate

• conduct nerve signal/electricity

what are the parts of a neuron and function of each?