Week 4 Quiz: Early Earth and Plate Tectonics

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26 Terms

1

Asthenosphere

Layer beneath lithosphere, more plastic and ductile.

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2

Lithosphere

Rigid outer layer of Earth, includes crust.

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3

Sediment Thickness

Thickest near mid-ocean ridges, not true.

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4

Earthquake Focus

Depth increases at subduction zones.

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5

Convergent Plate Boundaries

Regions where tectonic plates collide.

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6

Transform Faults

Boundaries where plates slide past each other.

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7

Killer Waves

Large waves caused by underwater disturbances.

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8

Tsunami

Wave generated by underwater earthquakes or landslides.

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9

Curie Point

Temperature where magnetic minerals lock-in magnetism.

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10

Magnetic Stripes

Record Earth's magnetic field changes over time.

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11

Island Arcs

Volcanic islands formed at subduction zones.

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12

Mid Ocean Ridge

Underwater mountain range at divergent boundaries.

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13

Outer Planets

Gaseous planets, further from the Sun.

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14

Inner Planets

Rocky planets, closer to the Sun.

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15

Subduction Zones

Where one plate moves under another.

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16

Hot Spots

Volcanic regions fed by underlying mantle.

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17

Oceanic Trenches

Deep underwater valleys at subduction zones.

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18

Radioactive Decay

Process contributing to Earth's internal heat.

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19

Earth's Magnetic Field

Protects Earth, retains atmosphere and water.

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20

Alfred Wegener

Proposed Continental Drift, lacked mechanism.

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21

Sedimentary Rocks

Formed from sediment accumulation over time.

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22

Plate Boundaries

Regions where tectonic plates interact.

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23

Spreading Centers

Locations where tectonic plates diverge.

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24

Oldest Ocean Rocks

Approximately 170 million years old.

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25

Wave Behavior

Tsunamis increase height and decrease wavelength offshore.

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26

Solar Winds

Stream of charged particles from the Sun.

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