Chapter 10 Cell Growth and Division

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to cell growth, division, and the cell cycle as discussed in Chapter 10.

Surface area to volume ratio

As a cell increases in size, its volume grows faster than its surface area, making it less efficient.

DNA overload

A problem that occurs when a cell's DNA cannot keep up with the demands of the cell as it grows.

Interphase

The phase in the cell cycle where the cell grows and prepares to divide, consisting of G1, S, and G2 phases.

Mitosis

The process by which a cell divides its nucleus and genetic material to form two daughter cells.

Cytokinesis

The division of the cytoplasm that occurs after mitosis, resulting in two separate cells.

Cancer

A disorder where cells lose the ability to control their growth, leading to uncontrollable division and potential tumors.

Cyclins

Proteins that regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.

Metaphase

The phase of mitosis where chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell.

Anaphase

The phase of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Spindle apparatus

A structure made of microtubules that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis.

Contact inhibition

The process where normal cells stop dividing when they come into contact with other cells.

G1 phase

The first phase of interphase where the cell grows and performs normal functions before DNA replication.

S phase

The phase of the cell cycle during which DNA is replicated.

G2 phase

The second gap phase of interphase where the cell prepares for mitosis.

Chromosomes

Structures within cells that contain DNA and become visible during cell division.

Centrioles

Cylindrical structures that organize microtubules during cell division, found in animal cells.