DEVPSYCH DRILL

by wars

1. Life-span studies are based on which of the following ideas?

A. There is little continuity over the life span.

B. Development occurs early in life, not during adulthood.

C. Every portion of the life span is influenced by earlier events and will in turn affect later event

D. There is no development that takes place in the late adulthood stage.

C. Every portion of the life span is influenced by earlier events and will in turn affect later event

2. Change and stability in mental abilities, such as learning, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, etc. would constitute which type of development?

A. Physical

B. cognitive

C. psychosocial

D. physiological

B. cognitive

3. Marcus is 14 months old and having great difficulty when left with the babysitter. His separation anxiety is an example of interaction between which two types of development?

A. intellectual and physical

B. cognitive and intellectual

C. physical and emotional

D. intellectual and social

D. intellectual and social

4. Psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, neuroscientists, and medical researchers all share an interest in unlocking the mysteries of development through the life span. This bears out how development is:

A. multidirectional

B. cultural

c. multidisciplinary

D. multidimensional

c. multidisciplinary

5. The birth period is the time from conception to

a. Perinatal

b. Prenatal

c. Neonatal

d. Postnatal

b. Prenatal

6. Jonathan is almost completely dependent on his parents for his wants and needs and is only just beginning to aquire language skills and sensorimotor coordination, Nathan is in the development period of

A. late childhood

B. middle childhood

C. early childhood

D. infancy

D. infancy

7. Brittany is preoccupied with the pursuit of independence and identity and is spending more time with friends and less with family. Her thought is more logical, abstract, and idealistic. Brittany is most likely in:

A. middle childhood.

B. late adulthood.

C. early adulthood.

D. adolescence.

D. adolescence.

8. Peter is a senior partner at his law firm and is an important member of his church and community. Both his children are in college. Peter's situation is most representative of which period of life?

A. Early adulthood

B. Middle adulthood

C. Late adulthood

D. Retirement

B. Middle adulthood

9. ____is a complex molecule with a double helix shape like a spiral staircase and a contains genetic information 

A. RNA

B. Chromosome

C. DNA

D. Ribosome

C. DNA

10. During the process of ____, the cell’s nucleus- including the chromosomes duplicates itself and the cell divides. 

A. meiosis

B. osmosis

C. fertilization

D. mitosis

D. mitosis

11. During fertilization, an egg and a sperm fuse to create a single cell called a(n)

A. Embryo

B. Fetus

C. Spore

D. zygote

D. zygote

12. Sasha's 23rd chromosome pair contains two X chromosomes. This indicates that Sasha:

A. has Down syndrome.

B. has fragile X syndrome.

C. is female.

D. is male.

C. is female.

13. Marly describes her friend, Gina, as having blonde hair, green eyes, and fair skin with freckles. Marly has described Gina's

A. Genotype

B. genetic imprint

C. phenotype

D. X-linked inheritance

C. phenotype

14. Jadie is acting in ways typical of a person at an earlier age of development. Freud refers to this as

A. regressing.

B. repressing.

C. sublimating.

D. projecting.

A. regressing.

15. A therapeutic approach aimed at giving patients insight into their unconscious conflicts is called

A. repression analysis.

B. psychoanalysis.

C. psychosexual analysis.

D. psychoconsciousness

B. psychoanalysis.

16. The proper order of Freud's psychosexual stages of development is

A. anal, phallic, oral, latency, genital.

B. oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital.

C. anal, oral, genital, latency, phallic.

D. oral, latency, genital, anal, phallic.

B. oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital.

17. According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, the first stage of development, which occurs during infancy, is

A. trust versus mistrust.

B. autonomy versus state of doubt.

C. initiative versus guilt.

D. industry versus inferiority.

A. trust versus mistrust.

18. Which of the following researchers worked with "Little Albert" in one of the earliest and most famous examples of classical conditioning in human development?

A. John B. Watson

B. Ivan Pavlov

C. B. F. Skinner

D. Edward Thorndike

A. John B. Watson

19. _______ develops as children gradually

establish guidelines for judging their own actions and select models who exemplify these guidelines.

A. Social cognitive theory

B. Applied behavioral analysis

C. Social learning theory

D. Self-efficacy

A. Social cognitive theory

20. A major distinction between Piaget's developmental theory and the information-processing approach is that

A. Piaget sees development as continuous whereas the information-processing approach views development as occurring in distinct stages.

B. Piaget sees development as an active process whereas the information-processing view sees the organism as passive.

C. Piaget focused on perception whereas the information-processing approach focuses on thinking and memory.

D. Piaget sees development as occurring in stages whereas the information-processing approach sees development as continuous

D. Piaget sees development as occurring in stages whereas the information-processing approach sees development as continuous

21. Which perspective emphasizes the idea that species-specific behaviors and has the survival of that species? 

A. Behavioristic

B. social cognitive

C. Contextual

D. ethological

D. ethological

22. Daniel is doing research that involves gathering detailed descriptions from people about their beliefs

Daniel is doing which kind of research?

A. Qualitative

B. Quantitative

C. Theoretical

D. hypothetical

A. Qualitative

23. In developing his psychoanalytic theory, Freud studied several individuals in great detail for an extended period of time. This technique is referred to as the approach.

A. laboratory observation

B. Interview

C. Experimental

D. case study

D. case study

24. Jason was born with ____. The doctor tells his parents that this genetic disorder occurred because he has an extra copy of chromosome 21.

A. fragile X syndrome

B. Klinefelter disease

C. Down syndrome

D. Tay Sach's disease

C. Down syndrome

25. Tom is a tall man with undeveloped testes and enlarged breasts. His doctor has determined that he has an extra X chromosome, leading to a diagnosis of:

A. Down syndrome.

B. fragile X syndrome.

C. Klinefelter syndrome.

D. Turner syndrome.

C. Klinefelter syndrome.

26. Twins formed by the fertilization of two ova by two sperm are

A. fraternal.

B. the least common type of twins.

C. genetically the same.

D. more likely in first pregnancies than in later ones.

A. fraternal.

27. A couple has a 2-year-old son who has never been very responsive to social stimulation, shows little language development,

and engages in repetitive behaviors. A probable diagnosis for this child is

A. depression.

B. alpha thalassemia.

C. Down syndrome.

D. autism.

D. autism.

28. The life support system for the embryo consists of the:

A. umbilical cord, placenta, and amnion.

B. circulatory, nervous, and digestive systems.

C. digestive system, umbilical cord, and amnion.

D. nervous system, digestive system, and umbilical cord.

A. umbilical cord, placenta, and amnion.

29. Alyssa is 22 weeks pregnant. Her friend tells her, "You are almost to the end of your pregnancy. Your baby is moving around. He probably weighs about 3 pounds and if he was born now, he'd need an incubator but he'd be fine." Which part of Alyssa's friend's statement is NOT TRUE?

A. Alyssa still has another 18 weeks to go before her baby is full-term.

B. Alyssa's baby is able to move.

C. Alyssa's baby weighs less than 3 pounds.

D. Alyssa's baby could not sustain life outside of her body if he was born at 22 weeks

A. Alyssa still has another 18 weeks to go before her baby is full-term.

30. Obesity during pregnancy increased all of the following risks to the fetus EXCEPT:

A. neonatal diabetes mellitus

B. intrauterine fetal death.

C. stillbirth.

D. admission to the NICU.

A. neonatal diabetes mellitus

31. The pattern of growth is the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities.

A. Proximodistal

B. Proximocaudal

C. Cephalocaudal

D. cephalodistal

A. Proximodistal

32. Which of the following statements is true about brain development?

A. The brain grows exponentially from conception to birth causing the brain to be completely developed at birth.

B. The process of brain development continues through the first vear after birth and then stops.

C. Extensive brain development continues after birth, through infancy and later

D. Brain development continues after birth only among premature babies.

C. Extensive brain development continues after birth, through infancy and later

33. The cerebral cortex has two further divided into four each of which is

A. neurons; divisions

B. divisions; neurons

C. hemispheres; lobes

D. lobes; systems

C. hemispheres; lobes

34. A temporary cessation of breathing in which the airway is completely blocked, usually for 10 seconds or longer, is a risk factor for SIDS.

A. Parasomnia

B. Arrhythmia

C. Sleep apnea

D. Catathrenia

C. Sleep apnea

35. is a life-threatening condition that is caused by a severe protein-calorie deficiency and results in a wasting away of body tissues in the infant's first year. The infant becomes grossly underweight and his or her muscles atrophy

A. Kwashiorkor

B. Marasmus

C. Binswanger's disorder

D. Malenthorpe's disorder

B. Marasmus

36. ____ is a dynamic process that is linked with sensory information in the skin, joints, and muscles, which tell us where we are in space; in vestibular organs in the inner ear that regulate balance and equilibrium; and in vision and hearing.

A. Posture

B. Cognitive development

C. Aligning

D. Reflexive behavior

A. Posture

36. A technique that can be used to determine if an infant can see or hear is the → which involves turning one's head toward a sight or sound.

A. orienting response

B. stimulus response

C. tracking response

D. sensory response

A. orienting response

38. Jean Piaget used detailed observation of his own children to develop his theory of:

A. social development.

B. behavioral development.

C. physical development.

D. cognitive development.

D. cognitive development.

39. When children experience cognitive conflict in trying to understand the world, they shift from one stage of thought to the next. The mechanism through which this shift occurs is called

A. Equilibration

B. Assimilation

C. Organization

D. amalgamation

A. Equilibration

40. The sensorimotor stage of development lasts from birth until about:

A. six months of age.

B. eight months of age.

C. one year of age.

D. two years of age.

D. two years of age.

41. Eleven-month old Jenny retrieves toys from under the sofa by using her toy golf club. She is in Piaget's___ sensorimotor substage.

A. primary circular reactions

B. secondary circular reactions

C. coordination of secondary circular reactions

D. tertiary circular reactions

C. coordination of secondary circular reactions

42. Phonology is to as morphology is to

A. sound; meaning

B. meaning; sound

C. appropriate use of language in different contexts; correct word order

D. correct word order; appropriate use of language in different contexts

A. sound; meaning

43. Identify the correct sequence of vocalization in infants.

A. Crying, gestures, babbling, cooing

B. Crying, cooing, babbling, gestures

C. Babbling, crying, gestures, cooing

D. Cooing, crying, gestures, babbling

B. Crying, cooing, babbling, gestures

44. An apparently normal infant who dies in his or her sleep probably suffered from

A. sudden infant death syndrome.

B. respiratory distress syndrome.

C. hyaline membrane disease.

D. Down syndrome.

45.  Breast milk is almost always the best food for newborns and is recommended for at least the first __ months.

A. 3

B. 6

C. 9

D. 12

D. 12

46. Which brain region shows the most rapid growth during the first year of life?

A. Cerebellum

B. brain stem

C. spinal cord

D. cerebrum

A. Cerebellum

47. The pruning of excess brain cells in order to make connections among cortical cells and improve motor and cognitive functioning is referred to as

A. myelination.

B. neurotransmission.

C. cell death.

D. reflex behavior.

C. cell death.

48. At birth, the most developed sense is the least ____; developed sense is ____:

A. sight; touch

B. touch; taste

C. touch; sight

D. sight; hearing

C. touch; sight

49. Lucy has no memories about her early life. Her first memories are of preschool when she was 3 years old. This inability to recall early events is called

A. information-processing.

B. infantile amnesia.

C. infantile literacy stage.

D. a learning opportunity.

B. infantile amnesia.

50. The Piagetian approach focuses on

A. qualitative changes in cognition.

B. quantitative differences in intelligence.

C. establishing norms for intelligence tests.

D. the relationship of brain development to sensorimotor function

A. qualitative changes in cognition.

51. The ability to mentally represent and remember objects and events is:

A. object permanence.

B. representational ability.

C. developed early in infancy.

D. not developed until Piaget's concrete operations stage.

B. representational ability.

52. The amount of time a baby spends looking, different sights is a measure of visual preference that is based on the ability to

A. make visual distinctions.

B. have vision loss.

C. visually habituate.

D. have visual distortions.

A. make visual distinctions.

53. Feelings or affects that occur when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her, especially to his/her well being are known as:

A. temperament.

B. emotions.

C. personality traits.

D. feeling states.

B. emotions.

54. a relatively consistent length of emotions, temperament thoughts, and behaviors is a person’s 

A. sociological status.

B. biological traits.

C. environment.

D. personality.

D. personality.

55. Two-year-old Jacob took the pacifier away from his baby sister, making her sad and causing her to cry. When his mother explained how the baby felt and insisted that he return the pacifier she was teaching Jacob

A. sympathy.

B. empathy.

C. prosocial behavior.

D. self-fullfillment.

B. empathy.

56. According to Erikson, the first psychosocial crisis we face is that of

A. autonomy versus shame and doubt.

B. initiative versus guilt.

C. basic trust versus basic mistrust.

D. generativity versus stagnation.

C. basic trust versus basic mistrust.

57. A 9-month-old infant who cries when the mother leaves is showing

A. separation anxiety.

B. stranger anxiety.

C. anxious attachment.

D. overdependence.

A. separation anxiety.

58. A 3-year old Emily-Rose is doing a puzzle, and, as is typical of her age, she:

A. is still somewhat clumsy at the task.

B. excels at the task.

C. cannot concentrate on the task at hand.

D. places the pieces precisely.

A. is still somewhat clumsy at the task.

59. The second Piagetian stage is the preoperational stage, which latest from approximately___ years of age.

A. 1 to 3

B. 2 to 7

C. 4 to 10

D. 5 to 12

B. 2 to 7

60. Ingrid, 6, loves to make little books by drawing pictures an utting in words to describe them. She has formed stable concepts and has started to reason. At the same time, she is egocentric and holds what her parents describe as "magical beliefs." Ingrid is in Piaget's of development.

A. sensorimotor stage

B. concrete operational stage

C. formal operational stage

D. preoperational stage

D. preoperational stage

61. Piaget called the second substage in reoperational thought "intuitive" because of the

absence of the use of _ in children in that stage.

A. symbolic reasoning

B. intuitive thought

C. Centration

D. rational thinking

D. rational thinking

62. A toddler is likely to learn something in the zone of proximal development (ZPD) if:

A. the toddler has mastered all the skills necessary.

B. parents or teachers do not interfere.

C. the task is more difficult than the child can do alone.

D. the toddler needs little or no help from a parent or teacher.

C. the task is more difficult than the child can do alone.

63. According to Erik Erikson, the psychosocial stage that characterizes early childhood is:

A. initiative versus guilt.

B. autonomy versus shame and doubt.

C. industry versus inferiority.

D. trust versus mistrust.

A. initiative versus guilt.

64. The ability to control one's own emotional is called: 

A. emotional stability.

B. emotional modulation.

C. emotional integrity.

D. emotional regulation.

D. emotional regulation.

65. Children who cannot recognize the sensation that their bladder is full often suffer from enuresis, which is commonly know as

A. sleepwalking.

B. sleeptalking.

C. a neurological disturbance.

D. bedwetting.

D. bedwetting.

66. Repeated urination in clothing or in bed is called

A. encopresis

B. enuresis

C. nightmares

D. night terrors

B. enuresis

67. When children repeat an action that they saw someone else perform at an earlier time they are demonstrating

A. deferred imitation

B. symbolic play

C. evidence of the sensorimotor stage

D. recognition memory

A. deferred imitation

68. Alex is listening to some music through headphones so nooneelse can hear it. When his mother walks into the room, he says, “Mommy, do you like this song?” although she cannot hear the music. Alex’s question indicates that 

A. presymbolic.

B. egocentric.

C. decentered.

D. transformational.

69. In neo-Piagetian terminology, the first stage in

development of self-definition, in which children describe themselves termsindividual. Unconnected characteristics and in all-or-nothing terms, is called

A. deductive.

B. single representations.

C. representational mappings.

D. ideal self.

B. single representations.

70. According to Piaget, children enter which stage  about the age of 7

A. Sensorimotor

B. Preoperational

C. concrete operational

D. formal operational

C. concrete operational

71. A child who sounds out a word by translating it from print to speech is

A. decoding.

B. encoding.

c. long-coding.

D. short-coding.

A. decoding.

72. Donald's reading level is about 2 years behind his age group. He also has some difficulty witharithmetic. It is probable that Ronald is suffering from

A. profound mental retardation.

B. dyslexia.

C. agraphia.

D. aphasia.

B. dyslexia.

73. In the neoPiagetian scheme of self concept development, the third stage of development, which begins around 7 or 8 years of age, involves the ability to form

A. representational systems.

B. class inclusion.

C. sensorimotor schemes.

D. transitional inferences.

A. representational systems.

74. Erikson's developmental crisis of middle childhood (from about 6 to 12 years) 

A. trust versus mistrust.

B. autonomy versus shame and doubt.

C. industry versus inferiority.

D. identity versus role confusion.

C. industry versus inferiority.

75. Milton is an 8-year-old. According to Harter's research, what is the single most important aspect of Milton's life that will determine his sense of self-worth?

A. physical attractiveness

B. positive regard from parents and peers

C. athletic ability

D. socioeconomic status of his parents

B. positive regard from parents and peers

76. Which of the following statements is true about adolescence?

A. This developmental period is recognized in all cultures throughout the world.

B. Adolescence is a developmental transition between childhood to adulthood.

C. It begins when young people reach sexual maturity.

D. Adolescence is genetically determined.

B. Adolescence is a developmental transition between childhood to adulthood.

77. Adolescence beginss with the onset of ____, it involves process that leads to sexual maturity 

A. Puberty 

B. Menstruation

C. Cognitive Changes

D. An appreticenceship

A. Puberty 

78. The first sign of sexual maturity in female is ____ while the principal sign of sexual maturity in males is ______ 

A. underarm hair; growth of moustache

B. budding of the breasts; growth of penis

C. menarche ; production of sperm

D. widening of hips; ejaculation of semen

C. menarche ; production of sperm

79. ​​Fourteen-year-old Kyle’s blood tests indicate an eighteen-fold increase in testosterone and a two-fold increase in estradiol over the past few years. It appears that Kyle ____

A. Kyle is experiencing normal changes during puberty.

B. will be put on hormone therapy to correct the significant imbalances in hormonal levels.

C. is exhibiting abnormal levels of development of male physical characteristics.

D. is exhibiting abnormal levels of development of female physical characteristics.

A. Kyle is experiencing normal changes during puberty.

80. Which of the following is true of an adolescent’s developing sexual identity?

​​A. All adolescents have a high anxiety level about sex.

B. A majority of adolescents are strongly aroused sexually.

C. Some adolescents are very active sexually.

D. Adolescents with a strong religious upbringing are usually sexually inactive.

C. Some adolescents are very active sexually.

81. Mia solves a chemistry problem by systematically testing several hypotheses. According to Piaget, Mia is at which stage of cognitive development according to Piaget?

A. Sensorimotor

B. Preoperational

C. Formal Operations

D. Concrete Operations

C. Formal Operations

82. Teenagers often become self-conscious because they believe that people are talking about them. According to Elkind, this type of thinking reflects the operation of:

A. shyness

B. paranoia

C. personal fable

D. imaginary audience

D. imaginary audience

83. Angie is having difficulty getting along with her best friend. She decides to think through the problem, writing down all the difficulties and trying to generate possible reasons for them. Angie then considers what she can do to deal with the problems, weighing the pros and cons of each possibility. Angie is using which of the following to solve her problem?

A. Idealistic-scenario reasoning

B. Concrete-operational reasoning

C. Adolescent-egocentric reasoning

D. Hypothetical-deductive reasoning

D. Hypothetical-deductive reasoning

84. Joni, 14, feels that nobody understands her, especially her parents and teachers. Joni’s feelings reflect the ___ aspect of an adolescent’s egocentrism.

A. personal fable

B. imaginary audience

C. self-fulfilling prophecy

D. collective myth

A. personal fable

85.  Adolescents who fail to develop close friendships tend to:

A. develop healthier self-esteem as adults than their peers

B. engage in more delinquent behavior than their peers

C. experience loneliness and a reduced sense of self-worth

D. become more social as they grow older

C. experience loneliness and a reduced sense of self-worth

86. Frank does his homework in front of his computer while listening to music on his mobile phone and also chatting with his friends in discord. This is indicative of a major trend in the use of technology, namely ___.

A. media multi-tasking

B. simulcasting

C. surfing

D. media-conferencing

A. media multi-tasking

87. Harry Stack Sullivan believes in the importance of adolescent friendships, proposed that friends become increasingly important in meeting social needs in adolescence, therefore most adolescent friendships are built on a need for:

A. respect

B. compatibility

C. intimacy

D. similarity

C. intimacy

88.  Gem was torn between majoring in accountancy to help with their family business or taking up a program in illustration to pursue her passion in art. She finally chose the latter, with a minor in accountancy. Identify the status of identity.

A. identity diffusion

B. identity achievement

C. identity moratorium

D. identity foreclosure

B. identity achievement

89. Unlike many boys his age, 15-year-old Nicholas is showing little interest in making choices regarding his future. He has also not thought very deeply about his stand on ideological issues that his friends debate over, James Marcia would say that Nicholas is in the identity status termed:

A. identity crisis

B. identity diffusion

C. identity foreclosure

D. identity achievement

B. identity diffusion

90. Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis suffer from what Erik Erikson calls:

A. identity crisis

B. identity diffusion

C. unresolved identity

D. identity moratorium

A. identity crisis

91. Justine went to the doctor because she was experiencing impaired verbal learning, some memory problems, speech articulation problems, and increased distractibility. The doctor suggested short naps to improve her functioning. The doctor believes Justine suffers from ___.

A. early senile dementia

B. Alzheimer’s disease

C. sleep deprivation

D. heart disease

C. sleep deprivation

92. The most common cause of female fertility is:

A. the production of abnormal ova

B. blockage of the fallopian tube

C. residue from taking “the pill”

D. mucus in the cervix that prevent sperm from penetrating the ova

B. blockage of the fallopian tube

93. The most common cause of male fertility is:

A. incompatibility with partner

B. effects of excessive birth control

C. differences in sexual behavior

D. too few sperm

D. too few sperm

94. Which of the following patterns of thinking is associated with postformal thought?

A. ability to think both practically and abstractly

B. believing that problems have only one possible solution

C. reliance on formal logic rather than on intuition

D. delaying the choice of personal beliefs until one is certain about them

A. ability to think both practically and abstractly

95. According to Schaie, young adults no longer acquire knowledge merely for its own sake but in order to use the information to pursue goals. This occurs in the ___ stage.

A. Acquisitive

B. Achieving

C. Responsible

D. Executive

B. Achieving

96. According to Stenberg, people who know how to deal with the practical, real-world challenges to life have a strong ___ element to their intelligence.

A. componential

B. experiential

C. contextual

D. achieving

C. contextual

97. Sam has a slightly above-average IQ, gets mediocre grades, but is a whiz at coming up with a new theory or a fresh interpretation of familiar facts. According to Stenberg, she seems to be strongest in which aspect of intelligence?

A. componential

B. experiential

C. contextual

D. tacit

B. experiential

98. Jean Piaget stressed that young adults are more quantitatively advanced in their thinking than adolescents because:

A. they have more knowledge

B. they engage in more logical and abstract

C. they enter the formal operation stage at about 18 years of age

D. they engage in more idealistic thinking

A. they have more knowledge

99. According to Kohlberg, which of the following stages of moral reasoning cannot be reached until young adulthood?

A. experiential

B. preconventional

C. conventional

D. postconventional

D. postconventional

100. Rose’s ex-boyfriend, Jack, describes her as clingy and dependent. During their relationship, she always wanted to be told that she was loved and wanted to rush into marriage. She also kept tabs on Jack and was jealous of all his female friends and colleagues. Rose seems to have a(n) ___ attachment style.

A. secure

B. anxious

C. conflicted

D. avoidant

B. anxious