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What is Backing-Up Data
Backing up refers to copying files or data into a different medium in case of damage or loss of original copy.
To safeguard against loss of data.
To safeguard against damages caused by hackers.
In case files need to be sent elsewhere, to protect the original format of files.
How Magnetic Backing Storage Media works
Stores data by magnetizing the surface of a disk or tape. A device reads this data by detecting the magnetic bits.
magnetic type drives uses advantage and disadvantage.
Uses:
• Used to store large amounts of data for backup or long-term storage (e.g., archiving data).
• Often used in systems that process a lot of data at once (batch processing).
• Advantages:
• Cheaper than hard drives.
• Can store huge amounts of data.
• Very stable technology.
• Fast transfer speed.
• Disadvantages:
• Slower to access data because it has to go through the tape in order.
• Need a new tape to store updated data.
• Can be damaged by strong magnets.
Fixed Hard Disks/Drives uses Advantage and disadvantage.
Uses:
• Store the operating system, software, and files.
• Used in real-time systems (things that need fast, constant access to data).
• Used in network servers.
• Advantages:
• Very fast at accessing and transferring data.
• Can store a lot of data.
• Disadvantages:
• Can be damaged easily.
• Have moving parts, which can affect how reliable they are.
• Can be noisy when working.
Portable Hard Disk Drives uses
Uses:
• Used for backups to protect data from being lost.
• Used to move data between different computers.
• Advantages:
• Fast at accessing and transferring data.
• Can store a lot of data.
• Easy to use for transferring data between computers.
• Disadvantages:
• Can get damaged if dropped.
• Slower than internal hard drives when transferring data.
How Optical Media and Optical Storage Devices works
Data is stored by burning tiny “dots” onto the surface of the disc using a powerful laser. A lower-powered laser is then used to read these dots.
CD-R/DVD-R
Uses:
• Recording music (CD-R) and films (DVD-R) at home.
• Storing data that you want to transfer to another computer.
• Advantages:
• Cheaper than rewritable disks.
• Once data is burned, it’s permanent (like ROM).
• Disadvantages:
• Can only be written to once. If there’s a mistake, the disc is useless.
• Some players can’t read CD-R/DVD-R discs.
CD-RW/DVD-RW (Read and Write):
Uses:
• Recording and erasing TV shows or data, which can be reused.
• Used in CCTV systems and for backups.
• Advantages:
• Can be rewritten many times.
• You can add different files each time.
• More environmentally friendly than the write-once discs (R).
• Disadvantages:
• More expensive than write-once discs.
• There’s a risk of accidentally overwriting important data.
CD-ROM/DVD-ROM (Read Only):
Uses:
• Store data that can’t be modified (permanent storage).
• CD-ROMs store software, music, and games; DVD-ROMs store movies.
• Advantages:
• Cheaper than hard drives.
• Portable (small and light).
• Data can’t be overwritten, so it’s safe.
• Disadvantages:
• Hold less data than hard drives or USB drives.
• Slow to access and transfer data.
• You can’t add or change files on these disks.
Blu-Ray Discs:
Main differences with DVD:
• Blu-ray uses a blue laser (instead of red) to read data, allowing more data to be stored (5 times more than DVDs).
• Blu-ray discs have encryption to prevent piracy.
• Blu-ray has a faster data transfer rate (36 Mbps vs. 10 Mbps for DVDs).
• Uses:
• Storing and playing HD movies.
• Used in video game consoles, camcorders, and for data storage on computers.
• Advantages:
• Huge storage capacity.
• Fast data transfer and access.
• Secure encryption to protect data.
• Disadvantages:
• Expensive discs.
• Can have issues with encryption, especially for video.
• HD DVD players are challenging Blu-ray’s dominance.
Solid-State Drives (SSD)
Uses: Store files, applications, and operating systems.
• Advantages:
• No moving parts: This makes them more reliable.
• Lightweight: Ideal for laptops.
• Fast: Accessing data is much quicker than with traditional hard drives (HDDs).
• Energy-efficient: They consume less power and don’t heat up as much.
• Thin: Since they have no moving parts, SSDs can be made very thin.
• Disadvantages:
• Limited write cycles: They can only be written to a certain number of times before they wear out.
• Expensive: More costly than HDDs.
• Smaller capacity: Typically hold less data than HDDs.
Pen Drives (Memory Sticks)
Advantages:
• Portable: Small and easy to carry.
• Durable: No moving parts, so they’re tough.
• Compatible: Works with most computers without extra software.
• Not affected by magnets: Unlike HDDs, they don’t get ruined by magnets.
• Disadvantages:
• Can’t protect data: No “read-only” protection.
• Easy to lose: Small and portable, but easy to misplace.
• Risk of data corruption: If removed incorrectly, the data can be corrupted.
Flash Memory Cards (e.g., SD, XD, CFast)
Advantages:
• Compact: Small and easy to carry.
• Durable: No moving parts, so they last longer.
• Large capacity: Can store lots of data for their size.
• Disadvantages:
• Expensive: Cost more per gigabyte than HDDs.
• Limited storage: Not as much space as HDDs.
• Wear out over time: They can only be written to and read from a certain number of times.
• Easy to lose: Due to their small size.
• Need card readers: Sometimes, you’ll need additional devices (like a card reader) to access data.so
