PSYCHOLOGY AS-LEVEL RESEARCH METHODS (NOT FINSHED)

Define Aim

General statements describing the purpose of an investigation

Define Hypotheses

A statement that is made at the start of a study that states the relationship between variables

Define directional hypotheses (1-tailed test)

When the difference that is anticipated between 2 conditions is clear.

( EXAMPLE: drinking energy drinks will make you more talkative then those who don’t)

Define non-directional hypotheses (2-tailed test)

States there is a difference between 2 conditions, but its not specific.

Define Null hypothesis

Any difference occurs by chances and not due to the manipulated variables

Define Extraneous Variables

Variables that can effect the DV if not controlled

Define Confounding Variables

Variables that haven’t been controlled and therefore have affected the DV.​

Define Demand chrematistics

When ppts behave in a way they think is expected of them by the experimenter and may over/under preform, affecting the studies results

Define Investigator effect

Is any unwanted influence of the investigator on the research’s outcome

Define Randomisation

The use of chance to reduce the researcher’s influence on the design of the investigation

Define Standardisation

Make sure all ppts are subjected to the same instructions and experiences

Define a Line of best fit

A line that goes through the points on a scatter graph. The points should be evenly distributed on either side of the line. The closer the points are to the line, the stronger the correlation is.

Define Positive correlation

Is where one variable increases so does the other variable

Define Negative correlation

Is where one variable increases as the other variable decreases

Define Zero correlation

When there is no relationship between co-variables