Independent Africa - Tanzania Flashcards

Flashcards reviewing the key facts and events related to Tanzania's colonial history, independence, and subsequent political and economic developments.

What is the Swahili meaning of 'Tanganyika'?

A plain that can be sailed on

What is the capital city of Tanganyika?

Dar es Salaam

What is the Swahili meaning of 'Tanganyika'?

A plain that can be sailed on

What is the capital city of Tanganyika?

Dar es Salaam

Which country occupied Tanganyika in the late 1800s?

Germany occupied Tanganyika in the late 1800s.

Which country took control of Tanganyika from Germany after World War I?

The United Kingdom

In what year did Tanganyika achieve complete independence?

1961

What were some of the actions taken by the British during their colonial rule of Tanganyika?

They allowed limited local rule, established some hospitals, encouraged agriculture and developed railway lines.

In what year was the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) formed?

1954

Who was the leader of TANU that was appointed chief minister of the British administration in Tanganyika in 1960?

Julius Nyerere

In what year did Tanganyika gain independence?

1961

What position did Julius Nyerere hold from 1964 to 1985?

President of Tanzania (1964 - 1985)

What language did Nyerere make the official language of Tanzania to unify its ethnic groups?

Swahili

What were the causes of the army mutiny in January 1964 by Black soldiers in Tanzania?

Black soldiers wanted promotions and pay rises and were frustrated that white officers had kept their senior positions in the army.

What happened to Zanzibar in 1964 after the revolution?

Merged with Tanganyika to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar (later Tanzania).

What international movement did Tanzania join in 1964?

Joined the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM).

What declaration, published by TANU in 1967, declared that Tanzania would become a socialist state?

Arusha Declaration

What was Nyerere’s term for African socialism, derived from the Swahili word for family and brotherhood?

Ujamaa

In what year were people forced into solidarity villages as part of Operation Vijiji?

1973

What happened to the price of oil after October 1973, and what impact did it have on Tanzania?

Increased significantly after October 1973, causing more economic problems for Tanzania.

Who took over power in Tanzania in 1985 after Nyerere voluntarily retired?

Ali Hassan Mwinyi

What economic changes did Mwinyi initiate after taking power in 1985?

Started to move the economy away from the Ujamaa policies and encourage private enterprise.

In what month and year did Nyerere travel to the United States to meet President Jimmy Carter?

August 1977

What changed in 1985 that led to a shift towards free-market policies and economic growth in Tanzania?

Nyerere retired and Mwinyi started to move the economy more towards free-market policies, which helped economic growth.

What language was used to build a national identity in Tanzania?

Swahili

What were the results of the price controls that Tanzania passed the Regulation of Prices Act to fix the official prices of?

They resulted in the creation of a black market and corruption.