Fluid imbalance lecture

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to fluid management in nursing, focusing on hypovolemia and hypervolemia.

Hypovolemia

A state of decreased blood volume; often referred to as dehydration or fluid volume deficit.

Hypervolemia

A state of increased blood volume; also known as fluid volume excess.

Daily Weights

Routine measurement to assess fluid retention or loss in patients.

Diuretics

Medications used to promote fluid loss by increasing urine output.

Central Venous Pressure (CVP)

A measurement of pressure in the central venous system, often used to assess blood volume and venous return.

Edema

Swelling caused by excess fluid in the body's tissues.

Skin Turgor

The elasticity of the skin, used as an indicator of hydration status.

Orthostatic Hypotension

A drop in blood pressure that occurs when a person stands up, often due to decreased blood volume.

Jugular Vein Distension (JVD)

A condition where the jugular veins are swollen, often indicative of fluid overload.

Crackles

Abnormal lung sounds that indicate fluid in the alveoli, often heard during pulmonary assessment.

Sodium Restriction

Limiting sodium intake to manage fluid retention, particularly in patients with heart failure or renal issues.

Fluid Volume Deficit

A reduced volume of circulating blood in the body, which can lead to signs like low blood pressure and dry membranes.

Fluid Volume Excess

An overabundance of fluid in the body that can result in high blood pressure, edema, and respiratory distress.

Thirst

A sensation signaling the need for water intake, often present in dehydration.

Pulmonary Edema

A condition characterized by excess fluid in the lungs, often resulting from heart failure.

Third Spacing

The movement of fluid from the intravascular space into the interstitial space, leading to fluid volume deficit.

Fluid Retention

The accumulation of fluids in the body's tissues, often associated with various medical conditions.