Math Long Quiz Reviewer

Line

• 1D figure

• Has length but no width

Plane

• Surface extends into infinity

• 2 dimensional surface

• Has zero thickness

• Zero curvature

• Infinite length & width

Polygon

• Closed curve 

• Consisting of a set of “Line Segments Cross”

Solid Geometry

• Concerned “3D Shapes”

Similar Figures

• 2 figures

• Has the same shape 

• But different sizes

Congruent Figures

• 2 Figures

• Identical both size & shape

Angle

• 2 lines

• Start at a common end point

Angle

• Common End Point = vertex

• Measured = degrees

• Degrees = small raised cicle

Parallel Lines

• Lines that are on the same plane.

• Never intersect

Intersecting Lines

• Lines that are intersect (crossed)

Line Segment

• Piece of line

• Has 2 endpoints (A & B)

Geometry

• Branch of mathematics

• studies the (sizes, shapes, positions angles, dimension).

Point

• Location in space

• Dot

• “Capital Letter”

Line

• Straight row of points

• Goes on forever in both directions. 

• “Miniscule Letter”

TYPES OF LINES:

1. Broken Line

2. Wavy Line

3. MixedLine

Broken Line

• Combine various segments of zigzag

Wavy Line

• Combine semicircular arcs

Mixed Line

• Combine straight & curve lines

CLASSIFYING ANGLES:

• Acute Angle (less than 90)

• Obtuse Angle (more than 90)

• Right Angle (exact 90)

2D Figures

• Shape or a figure

• Has length & breadth

• Can have any number of sides

3D Figures

• faces, edges, & vertices

• Compose the edges of 3D Geometric Shape

Geometric Figures

• Combination of (points, lines, or plane)

• Classified as (space figure, plane figure, lines, line segments, rays, & points)

• Depending of the “dimensions” of the figure.

Geometry

• branch of mathematics

• studies the (sizes, shapes, positions angles and dimensions of thing)

Measurement

• A number that shows the size or amount of something.

• the number is in reference to some standard measurement

Unit of measurement

• used to measure a given attribute.

Standard Units of Measurement

• are typically used within each measurement system,

• we normally use, most measuring tools use these units.

Standard Units of Measurement

Example: 

• Ruler = inch & centimeter

• Meter stick = foot, inches, & centimeters

• Scales = pounds, kilograms, ounces

• Measuring cups = cups & ounces

Nonstandard units of measurement

• units of measurement that aren't typically used.

Nonstandard units of measurement

Examples: 

• Pencil

• Arm 

• Toothpick

• Shoes

• Heads

• Sweets

Linear Measurement

• Measurement of perpendicular distance between two points or surfaces.

• line measurements or end measurements

• to measurement of (length, heights, diameters, thicknesses, radius etc.)

Line measuring instruments

• consists of series of accurately, spaced painted or marked lines on them.

Perimeter

• Distance around a “polygon”

• the distance around a two-dimensional shape.

Circumference

• Distance around a “circle”

• using either “diameter” or “radius” of a circle.

Regular Shapes

• sides are equal

• inside angles are equal

Circle

• doesnt have straight lines.

Equilateral Triangle

• 3 equal length sides, 3 equal interior angles of 60 degrees

Square

• 4 equal length sides, 4 four interior angles of 90 degrees

Pentagon

•  5 equal sides, 5 interior angles of 108 degrees

Hexagon

• 6 equal length sides, 6 interior angles of 120 degrees

Heptagon

• 7 equal length sides, 7 interior angles of 128.57 degrees

Octagon

• 8 equal length sides, 8 interior angles of 135 degrees

Regular Shapes

Examples: 

1. Circle = doesnt have straight lines.

2. Equilateral Triangle = 3 equal length sides, 3 equal interior angles of 60 degrees

3. Square = 4 equal length sides, 4 four interior angles of 90 degrees

4. Pentagon = 5 equal sides, 5 interior angles of 108 degrees

5. Hexagon = 6 equal length sides, 6 interior angles of 120 degrees

6. Heptagon = 7 equal length sides, 7 interior angles of 128.57 degrees

7. Octagon = 8 equal length sides, 8 interior angles of 135 degrees

Irregular shape 

• doesn't have equal sides or equal angles.

Right Angle Triangle

• 3 sides, 3 internal angles, one 90 degrees angle

Quadrilateral & Rectangle

• 4 sided polygons, “kite” or “rhombus”

Irregular Pentagon

• 5 sides, 5 internal angles (not equal)

Irregular Hexagon

• 6 sides, 6 internal angles (not equal)

Irregular Octagon

• 8 sides, 8 internal angles (not equal)

Irregular shape 

Examples: 

1. Right Angle Triangle = 3 sides, 3 internal angles, one 90 degrees angle

2. Quadrilateral = 4 sided polygons, “kite” or “rhombus”

3. Rectangle = 4 sided polygons, “kite” or “rhombus”

4. Irregular Pentagon = 5 sides, 5 internal angles (not equal)

5. Irregular Hexagon = 6 sides, 6 internal angles (not equal)

6. Irregular Octagon = 8sides, 8 internal angles (not equal)

Pythagorean Theorem (or Pythagoras)

• sum of (the areas of) the two small squares of) the big one.

• C = Hypotenuse

• A & B = Legs 

• fundamental importance in Euclidean Geometry

• it serves as a basis for the definition of distance between two points.