Chapter 23 - Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age

Jim Fisk

________ and Jay Gould came up with a plot to drastically raise the price of the gold market in 186.

Cleveland

Was the first Democrat to take over the presidency in 28 years

Treasury

Was running a budget surplus due to revenue that was generated by the high tariff that was enacted during the Civil War

Resumption Act of 1875

Required the government to continue to withdraw greenbacks from circulation and to redeem all paper currency in gold at face value, starting in 1879

Overspeculation

Was the primary cause of the panic of 1873

J.P. Morgan

Lent government $ 65 million in gold to increase Treasury's reserve

Populists

Nominated General James B. Weaver for the presidential election of 1892

Congress

________ passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, which stopped Chinese immigration into America, to appease them.

Democrats

Were immigrant Lutherans and Roman Catholics who believed in toleration of differences in an imperfect world

Garfield

Won the election of 1880, but was assassinated by Charles J. Guiteau at a Washington railroad station

Hayes

Grant, ________, Garfield, Arthur, Harrison, and Cleveland were known as the "forgettable presidents.

Credit Mobilier scandal

Came to be in 1872 when Union Pacific Railroad insiders formed the Credit Mobilier construction company and then hired themselves at inflated prices to build the railroad

Peoples Party

________ " (Populists) "formed from frustrated farmers in the agricultural belts of the West and South.

McKinley Tariff Act

Caused the Republican Party to lose public support their majority in Congress in the congressional elections of 1890

Civil-service reform

Forced politicians to gain support and funds from big business leaders

Wilson-Gorman Tariff Of 1894

Lowered tariffs and added a 2% tax on incomes over $4,000

James G Blaine

Republicans chose ________ as their presidential candidate for the election of 1884.

James A. Garfield

Was chosen as the presidential candidate for the election of 1880 because Hayes was despised by his own Republican party

Liberal Republican Party

Was formed in 1872 in response to political corruption in Washington and dissatisfaction with military Reconstruction

Compromise of 1877

Was passed by Congress with it containing the Electoral Count Act which set up an electoral commission that consisted of 15 men from the Senate, House of Representatives, and the Supreme Court

Boss Tweed

Employed bribery, graft, and fraudulent elections to milk New York of about $200 million

Pendleton Act of 1833

Made mandatory campaign contributions from federal employees illegal and established the Civil Service Commission to make appointments to federal jobs on the basis of merit

Billion Dollar Congress

________ gave pensions to Civil War veterans, increased government purchases on silver, and passed the McKinley Tariff Act of 1890.

Cleveland

Ran for president in the election of 1892 and won, beating the Populist and Republican Party

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Declared that “separate but equal” facilities for blacks were legal under the 14th Amendment