VTNE prep

when should client grievances be addressed

immediately at the time of the grivance

if the lower incisors seem excessively loose in a brachycephalic or miniature-breed dog

the depth of the gingival sulcus should be tested

a patient who is apneic and cyanotic enters the practice a quick oral examination shows a hard ball lodged in the glottal opening which of the following options should be preformed next

perform abdominal thrusts; if unsuccessful, prepare the patient for tracheotomy

an effective disinfectant to clean a cage after an animal has had a pseudomonas-contaminated wound is

quaternary ammonium

which equivalent is correct

q6h= QID

applying fluoride and rinsing with diluted chlorhexidine at the same time

is less effective, because the binding of one product may inactivate the other

instruments are autoclaved

with the ratchets closed to prevent tearing the wrap material

what gram negative bacteria may swarm a blood agar plate leaving a film over the entire surface

proteus sp.

which of the following choices characterizes the pulse rate and quality in a moderately dehydrated dog

pulse rate increased

the most common types of pain experienced by horses are

orthopedic pain and abdominal/ colic pain

__ refers to the redness of the skin

erythematous

hypotension is most often caused by which of the following

hypovolemia and anesthetic drugs

epithelial cells that contain tiny hair like projections that move foreign particles along the epithelial surface are known as

ciliated epithelium

all of the following muscles of a horse extend the hock except

semimembranosus

how long does food remain in the colon of a horse

36-65 hours

oliguria is

decreased urine output

which of the following feathers are trimmed as part of an avian wing trim

primary feathers

a grid is a series of thin linear strips made altering radio dense and radiolucent material of what are the radiodense strips made

lead

which of the following hormones is produced by the thyroid gland

triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, calcitonin

what is the correct formula when discussing cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)

CPP= MAP - ICP

which of the following opioids is most commonly used for epidural analgesia

morphine

blood leaves the right ventricle to enter what structure

cranial vena cava

what happens to the iris of the eye in dim light

the muscles relax allowing the pupil to dilate

of the fluids listed which has the lowest sodium content

D5W (dextrose 5% in water)

which statement is incorrect regarding the importance of dental radiographs

they are used to measure sulcus depth

a chronotropic agent affects the

rate of contraction

all of the following sites are acceptable for palpating peripheral pulses in patients under anesthesia except

articular artery

what would not cause shifts or trends in quality control data

change in laboratory personnel

what drug is a respiratory stimulant

doxapram

when two people are lifting a dog that weighs more than 50 lb the person handling the front of the patient should

wrap one arm around the dog’s neck and the other under and around the dog’s chest, behind the front leg

the drug xylazine is best described as an

analgesic and sedative

a canine patent experiencing high triglycerides may have serum that is

milky

bile acids aid in the digestion of

fats

which of the following correctly describes the puppy dental formula

2 x (I 3/3, C 1/1 P 3/3)

which type of nerve block is useful to provide analgesia before or after surgery of the thoracic cavity

intercostal nerve blocks

the most common dental problem found in rodents is

malocclusion

metoclopramide is contraindicated in which of the following conditions

gastrointestinal obstruction

which of the following results may be found in a patient with a degenerative left shift

bands outnumber mature neutrophils

when placing a caller on hold in the veterinary practice how long is an acceptable wait time

1 minute

serology is the branch of science involved with detection of

antibodies or antigens

systems of fold located within the cerebrum are known as which of the following

gyri

drugs that reduce inflammation are termed

anti inflammatories

a cockatiel needs 100 mg/kg piperacillin via intramuscular injection. if the bird weighs 80 g and the concentration of piperacillin is 100 mg/ml how many ml should be administered

0.08 ml

how long does it take plaque to accumulate on a clean tooth surface

minutes

the calibrated device used to deliver a specified volume of patient sample when performing a blood chemistry analysis is known as

pipette

total protein levels are __ in a dehydrated animal

increased

which of the following orangisms is responsible for ringworm in cattle

trichophyton verrucosum

which of the following is not a form of barium sulfate that can be administer to patients

injectable

all of the following are good reasons for using an instrument tie ( with the use of a needle holder) except

it is more accurate than a one or two handed tie

placement of iv catheters is just as critical as the techniques used to administer medications which of the following actions should not be done

choose a catheter that is small in diameter to minimize the risk of bleeding

the t wave in the electrocardiograph represents which of the following

ventricular repolarization

laser-flow technology is used in

hematology analyzers

which of the following refers to a species that has two estrous cycles per year

diestrous

a syrinx is which of the following

a pathological tube shaped lesion in the brain or spinal cord

hydremia means which of the following

disorder in which there is an excess of fluid in the blood

a doppler is used to measure

blood pressure

what is the known duration of immunity for bordetella bronchiseptica

1 year

which of the following correctly describes a CT image

a matrix of pixel or picture elements and a three dimensional image

you must anesthetize a patient that was hit by a car and has suspected head trauma this patient may have increased intracranial pressure as a result of the trauma all of the following techniques that can help reduce intracranial pressure except

only draw blood from the jugular vein

nutritional protein for ferrets should come from

animal based ingredients

what is a common cause of pain in ferrets

arthritis

proper splint and bandage care includes all of the following except

washing the splint or bandage daily

to obtain a radiograph of the CdCr projection of the scapula of a small animal which of the following is the correct position for the patient

dorsal recumbency

extravasation of a chemotherapeutic agent should first be treated by

stopping the injection

lactulose can be given to a patient with a portosystemic shunt to help

convert ammonia to ammonium

which of the following are ways to determine if the animal is properly positioned in the lateral view

coxofemoral joints are superimposed

how many chambers foes a fish heart contain

2

medical record entry should follow the standard soap format which includes all of the following except

obsession

which of the following options would not affect a manual WBC count

objective lens used

the usual significance of a small serum beneath a suture line in the skin is

cosmetic only